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Bitter paraguayense, Latin: Caesalpinia minax Hance, Caesalpinia (Leguminosae), leguminous plants beaked pod Caesalpinia (Celastrus Le) seeds (Caesalpinia), abundant resources, the Chinese Materia Medica \one cold, bitter, clearing and detoxifying, dampness, stasis analgesic efficacy in folk commonly used drugs for the treatment of influenza and hepatitis. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that beak pod Caesalpinia variety of biologically active antiviral, antibacterial, hepatoprotective. Despite the bitter paraguayense a long history of folk medicine, but its chemical composition and pharmacological activity are rarely. In order to more in-depth study the bitter paraguayense the chemical ingredients, so as to further clarify the material basis of its pharmacological activity, provide a scientific basis for the development of new drugs, the paper on the basis of the review a bitter paraguayense chemical composition and main pharmacological studies, separation and purification extraction, purification and structure type identification of the bitter paraguayense flavonoids compounds, ethanol extract of n-butanol parts of the chemical composition, trace element content and dissolution rate. The main research content and results are as follows: 1, the bitter paraguayense total flavonoids ultrasonic extraction process and content to study of bitter paraguayense in order to total flavonoids and RUTIN as indicators ingredients extractant ethanol solution through single factor test, orthogonal test optimization determine the ultrasonic extraction from bitter paraguayense its the cotyledon most kinds of skin extract flavonoids extraction process as follows: 50% ethanol concentration, extraction temperature 80 ° C, extraction time of 60 min, the solid to liquid ratio of 1:15; extraction process of 70% ethanol concentration, extraction temperature 70 ° C, extraction time 30min, solid-liquid ratio 1:15. Continuous extracted three times in the best technology, the bitter paraguayense seed coat, cotyledon total flavonoids extraction rate of 2.75%, 8.09%, 0.246%, the bitter paraguayense flavonoids present in the seed coat. The results also showed that, bitter Shi Lianzai leaves significantly inhibit leaching of the seed coat flavonoids. 2, purification and structure of the the bitter paraguayense testa flavonoid types using solvent extraction and solvent precipitation purification refined the bitter paraguayense testa flavonoids remove proteins, polysaccharides, inorganic salts and fat-soluble impurities, flavonoids product purity increased to 56.8%. Research polyamide adsorption of the bitter paraguayense total flavonoids and analytic features, results show that the polyamide resin in water adsorption amount of the bitter paraguayense kinds of skin flavonoids and strong absorption edge, but in 95% ethanol, methanol, and acetone resolution rate is relatively low. By the solubility test the bitter paraguayense testa flavonoids, color reaction products in different diagnostic reagents UV - visible absorption spectrum characteristics determine the basic structure of the type initially identified the bitter paraguayense testa has the A-ring should contain the ortho dihydroxy (6,7 or 7,8 -) flavanone or dihydroflavonol glycosides. The research method has an operation is simple, intuitive result, low cost, easily spread, etc.. 3, mention of bitter paraguayense alcohol is butanol extract separation purification of 95% and 70% ethanol extract the bitter paraguayense three times after water dispersion extract was washed successively with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n- butanol, the stepwise extraction separation to obtain the corresponding extract, n-butanol portion by silica gel column chromatography with chloroform - methanol as eluent gradient elution, sub-parts received by TLC merge similar fractions, and concentrated to give 5 components. Component C color reaction and sample different diagnostic reagents, UV - visible absorption spectroscopy characteristics initially identified compounds containing isoflavones. 4, the bitter paraguayense trace element content and dissolution rate of using flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of digestion and decoction of bitter paraguayense two different approach, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu seven elements content and dissolution rate. The results show that, The bitter paraguayense rich in nutrients, potassium content 12054.67μg · g-1, nearly six times higher than the average Chinese medicine. The content of each element order K gt; Ca gt; Mg gt; Fe gt; Mn gt; Zn gt; of Cu, calcium, iron, and manganese content in the seed coat was significantly higher than that the cotyledons, magnesium, zinc, and copper content lower than the cotyledons ; dissolution rate of the order of each element K gt; Zn gt; of Cu gt; Fe gt; of Ca gt; Mg gt; the Mn dissolution rates of 4.43% to 59.54%. The dissolution rate of high and low bitter paraguayense trace elements do not have a direct relationship with the level of the element content, mainly depends on the existing form of the elements in the herbs.
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