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Objective: By studying the menstrual phase of the menstrual disorders athletes gonadotropin, sex hormone, testosterone, cortisol serum levels and body composition and biochemical parameters, to explore the mechanism of long-term exercise training female athletes endocrine and menstrual disorders, female athletes sports training and physical monitoring to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of exercise-induced menstrual disorders occur. Subjects: Sports Technical Institute of Guangdong Province thirteen professional team of 73 athletes, age 17.8 ± 2.66 years (range 16-22 years), height 167.2 ± 10.56cm, weight 56.9 ± 9.19kg training period of 6.8 ± 3.33 years . Master Sportsmen 30, an athlete 32 people, 11 people, two athletes. Research methods: cluster sample survey of athletes menstruation amenorrhea group, long-cycle group, short-cycle group, the control group, divided into different situations according to the menstrual cycle disorders. Determination of a group of athletes follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (HL), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (TC), cortisol (C), hemoglobin (HB), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum levels, and their body composition analysis. Results: 1, gonadotropin hormone amenorrhea group, long cycle group compared to the usual group gonadotropin and sex hormone serum concentration does not have a significant difference, amenorrhea group close to the level of long-period group, short cycle and control groups of FSH, LH serum concentration having a significant difference (p LT; 0.05) E2 serum concentrations of the short cycle with the control group having a significant difference (p LT; 0.01). 2, serum testosterone, cortisol amenorrhea group and the control group of T serum concentration than significant with difference (p-lt; 0.01), long cycle group and the control group with a significant difference (p-lt; 0.05); amenorrhea, long period group and the control group C serum concentration having a significant difference (p LT; 0.05), the short-cycle group compared with control group having a significant difference (p LT; 0.01). Body composition, conventional biochemical indicators (annual statistical value) amenorrhea group and the control group, body fat amount, BMI comparison with a significant difference (p lt; 0.01); amenorrhea group and the control group, hemoglobin (HB) compare with a significant sex difference ( p lt; 0.01); the amenorrhea group, long cycle group and the control group T compared with a significant difference (p lt; 0.05); short cycle group and the control group C have a significant difference (p lt; 0.05). Conclusions: 1, gonadotropin and sex hormone serum levels decreased basic synchronization under the impact of long-term exercise training may be varying degrees of interference the pituitary regulation under the basal levels of estrogen and progesterone, resulting in the athlete's menstrual cycle disorders. Menstrual disorders athletes gonadotropin and sex hormone serum levels compared with the control group will decline athletic ability of the body movement of menstrual disorders, amenorrhea athlete's situation is more serious. Long-cycle group, the the amenorrhea group are measured gonadotropin and sex hormones are closer, prolonged menstrual cycle athletes likely development of amenorrhea. Measured short cycle athletes FSH, LH and E2 value lower than the control group, indicating poor short-cycle group the regulation of the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis function. 2 menstrual disorders athletes T C values ??compared with the control group, the long-term high-intensity exercise training makes adrenal axis activity strengthened interference pituitary under the control of basal levels of estrogen and progesterone, may trigger exercise-induced menstrual disorders one of the reasons . 3, the athlete's body fat ratio should be maintained above 17%, less than 17% of the possible occurrence of amenorrhea. Menstrual disorders athletes compared to the control group athletes hemoglobin concentration, urea nitrogen, serum creatine kinase concentration high. The trend of these indicators, menstrual disorders may seriously affect the athlete's physical and mental health, leading to athletes' physical function and exercise capacity decline.
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