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Tumours not only consist of neoplastic cells, but are also accompanied by a stromal compartment composed of a variety of non-malignant cells, such as fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, and endothelial cells, as well as extracellular elements. The correlation between chronic inflammation and the occurrence of malignant tumour have been found in more and more researches. The tumour micro-environment plays an important role in malignant disease.Transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β) is a polypeptide cytokine which exists in human’s tissues and cells extensively, participating in kinds of pathology and physiology processes, affecting cells’proliferation and differentiation ,extracellular matrix production, trauma healing, blood vessel generation, tissue fibrosis, immune and tumor occurrence and development. TβRⅡis shown to be a kind of tumor inhibitory factor, which decreases in some malignant tumors such as colon cancer, esophageal cancer, involved in tumor occurrence and development.Nuclear factor-κB (nuclear factor-kappa-binding, NF-κB) are a class of ubiquitous transcription regulatory factors. It was demonstrated that NF-κB’s main function is to participate in inflammatory response and the natural immune response in earlier studies, whereas NF-κB was found to play a role in anti-apoptosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis in recent researches. Because of secretion of many cytokines, chemokines and other factors in the inflammation process, NF-κB can be activated by inflammatory process.Macrophages infiltrating in the tumor stromal is tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Because of the role of tumor micro-environment, TAMs were shown to promote tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis and angiogenesis. TAMs may play a important role in tumorigenesis and development of tumour, which is different from its function in noamal tissue.ObjectiveInvestigating the expression of TGF-βRⅡ, NF-κB, tumor associated macrophages in the protein level in the tissue of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma, analyzing the interrelationship between them, providing new ideas and methods for prognosis and therapy of lung cancer.MethodsLung tissues were divided into contrast group and tumour group, the tumour group is divided into groups of lung adenocarcinoma group and lung squamous cell carcinoma group, detecting expression and distribution of TGF-βRⅡ, NF-κB (p65 protein), tumour-associated macrophages (CD68) by immunohistochemistry method and analysing the relationship bwteen the three indicators and the clinic pathological characteristics of lung cancer.Results1、TβRⅡexpression: Compared with the contrast group(0.3988±0.1323), expression of TβRⅡwere decreased in lung adenocarcinoma group(0.1566±0.0600)and in squamous cell carcinoma group(0.2261±0.1156) (P<0.01). Expression of TβRⅡhas nothing to do with patients’age and tumor size, while is related to histological type, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05 P<0.05, P<0.05).2、NF-κB expression: Compared with the contrast group(0.0977±0.0717), expression of NF-κB were increased in lung adenocarcinoma group(0.1912±0.0962)and in squamous cell carcinoma group(0.2031±0.0942) (P<0.01). Expression of NF-κB has nothing to do with histological type and patients’age, while is related to tumor size, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01).3、TAMs’amount: Compared with the contrast group(5.8±3.1), amount of TAMs were increased in lung adenocarcinoma group(22.7±8.7)and in squamous cell carcinoma group(28.1±7.6) (P<0.01). Amount of TAMs has nothing to do with patients’age, while is related to histological type, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01).4、The relationship among the expression of TβRⅡ, NF-κB, TAMs in lung cancer: Expression of TβRⅡprotein was negatively correlated with that of NF-κB P65 protein (P<0.01).The amount of TAMs was positively related with expression of NF-κB P65 protein (P<0.01).Conclusion1、TβRⅡis a kind of tumor inhibitory factor, whose lower expression may lead to the tumorigenesis of lung, growth, invasion and metastasis. TβRⅡmay affect the tumorigenesis or progress of the lung adenocarcinoma more.2、NF-κB probably promote development of tumour though down-regulating the expression of TβRⅡand recruiting tumor-associated macrophages into tumour stromal. This effect has a more general significance in non-small cell lung cancer.
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