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V在NL" and "V到NL

Author: GuXiangWei
Tutor: ZhangBaoSheng
School: Henan University
Course: Chinese Philology
Keywords: Semantic features State continues Re-classification Classification of words Attribute Continuous verb Syntactic performance Syntactic form Grammatical means Action behavior
CLC: H146
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2004
Downloads: 173
Quote: 2
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Abstract

Through discussing the sentence patterns of "V 在 NL" and "V 到 NL" , this article detects their semantic features and syntactic expression . The article emphatically demonstrates the difference between "V 在 NL" and "V 到 NL" and the transformational conditions between them so as to deepen our cognition of the verbs followed with locative phrase and help us reclassify these verbs .The article distinguishes four concepts : action and state , continuous action and continuous state . It will be helpful to the classification of verb and the analyses of sentence patterns . We believe the classification of verb should be completed by means of certain sentence patterns and grammatical forms , at the same time , we should distinguish the bare form and syntactic form of verb . For example , "坐" expresses an action happening in a short time , while "坐着" means continuous state which has a symbol of continuity of "着". So it is reasonable to regard "坐" as a non-continuous verb.Usually , people think the syntagmatic relation between a verb and "在" or "到" is unrestricted , such as "坐在/到床上" , "放在/到桌子" . But this view is neither transparent nor exact. There are several reasons to prove it. Firstly , some verbs , such as "徘徊" , "长" , can only combine with "在"， while some other verbs, such as "跑" , "抬", can only with "到" . Secondly , to the verbs like "坐" , "放", "V 在 NL" and "V 到NL" can only be transformed on the phrasal level , and it is not so free as these patterns become a part of a sentence . For instance , "在" can not be transformed by "到" when it is on the position of attributive and "到" of "V 到 NL 去/来" can not be replaced by "在" . Only in some sentence patterns, such as "VP1 + V2在/到 NL" , "V 在 NL" and "V 到 NL" can be exchanged each other . Thirdly , because of the differentsemantic feature and syntactic function of these two sentence patterns and different types of verb , the practical circumstances of combination of a verb and "在" or "到" is complicated and confused.On the basis of the former’s study results , we think as to "V 在 NL" , "V 到NL" , and "在 NL V 着", the distribution is complementary, the function is different, but they also have some junctions . "在 NL V 着" means some action happening at 6omewhere or certain state showing at somewhere , "V 在 NL" means certain state showing at somewhere, an action happening at somewhere , or an action arrived at somewhere , while "V 到 NL" means an action arrived at somewhere. From the semantic features we are able to draw the conclusion that "V 在 NL" can be transformed with the other two sentence patterns, so we can determine the meaning of it by this way .The verb and locative phrase have to be involved as we study "V 在 NL" and "V 到 NL" , and it is necessary to reclassify verb at the same time . According to different cases , we classify the verb into three types , single-spot verb , double-spot verb and numerous-spot verb . We believe the debate of the sentence patterns is helpful for us to find the formal criteria which can be used to distinguish different kinds of verb , and the scientific classification of verb is also helpful to make research on the sentence patterns .

V在NL" and "V到NL

Abstract

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