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Effect of Diets、 Temperature and Salinity on the Growth and Survival of Sea Cucumber

Author: ZhangPingPing
Tutor: LiZuo
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Zoology
Keywords: Sea cucumber Temperature Salinity Bait Grow Survival
CLC: S968.9
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 92
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Abstract

The sea cucumber is an important economic cultured species, both have important nutritional value, but also has significant economic value. Environmental factors are important factors that affect the growth and survival of stichopus explore the influence of environmental factors on juvenile parameters mode of great significance to promote the healthy and rapid development of the aquaculture industry. This paper studied the impact of different environmental factors on the hybrid of Chinese sea cucumber and Japanese red sea cucumber juveniles parameters as well as participate in the growth and survival of juvenile sea cucumber. The main results are as follows: 1. Different diets with the impact of the the sea cucumber planktonic larval growth and metamorphosis survival of unicellular algae marine red yeast (Rhodomonas sp.) With unicellular algae mixed feeding planktonic larvae of sea cucumber length growth and metamorphosis of survival. Using Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Phaeodactylum tricornutum), N. closterium (Nitzschia closterium f. Minutissima), galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri (Chaetoceros muelleri) and (Isochrysis galbana) and Ocean Rhodotorula 1-0 , 0.8:0.2,0.6:0.4,0.4:0.6,0.2:0.8 and 0:1 proportion with feeding sea cucumber planktonic larvae, observations of daily changes in body length of the planktonic larval metamorphosis survival rate. The results show that, unicellular algae and marine red yeast mixed in appropriate proportions feeding day can increase the length of the sea cucumber larvae growth rate alone to feeding marine red yeast stichopus metamorphosis survival rate was also significantly higher than the fed individually unicellular algae group. 0.5:0.5 proportion of mixed feeding planktonic larvae, the results show that of Chaetoceros muelleri Nitzschia algae mixed feeding group stichopus planktonic larval metamorphosis survival rate is higher than two single-cell algae Chaetoceros muelleri mixed with Isochrysis group. 2. Holding culture in different temperatures (23, 25 and 27 ° C), salinity (25, 30, and 35 ‰) under the conditions of temperature and salinity on juvenile parameters temperature tolerance test study green sea cucumber after a certain time The temperature tolerance. The test is divided into two parts: the temperature was gradually increased and the temperature increased rapidly. The results show that the holding culture in juvenile parameters under different conditions the GLT ₅₀ (LT ₅₀ of gradual change of the temperature) and ALT _{, 50} (LT ₅₀ of abrupt change of temperature) with temperature is related negatively correlated with salinity. When the temperature rise in the rate of 1 ° C h-1, holding culture at 23 ° C-35 ‰ juvenile parameters of GLT ₅₀ 33.9 ° C, while holding culture at 27 ° C-25 ‰ juvenile parameters GLT ₅₀ 35.9 ° C. When juvenile parameters was suddenly transferred to the holding culture the juvenile parameters under the conditions of 23 ° C-35 ‰ 72h after a series of high-temperature seawater ALT ₅₀ 28.3 ° C, while holding culture at 27 ° C-25 ‰ juvenile parameters ALT ₅₀ 30.1 ° C. 3. Tolerated experimental study of temperature and salinity on the the hybrid the juvenile parameters of temperature Green thorn participate in red stichopus hybridization juvenile holding culture after a certain time, the temperature tolerance parameters in different temperature, salinity combination of conditions. Set three temperature gradient (22, 25 and 28 ° C) and three salinity gradient (28, 33, and 38 ‰), thus composed of nine different temperature and salinity combinations. Parameters after to relaying three weeks under the experimental conditions of these nine preset hybridization juveniles, respectively, two separate experiments: the temperature was gradually increased and rapidly at elevated temperatures, and calculate the maximum critical temperature (Ctmax), the highest survival temperature (STMax), median lethal temperature (LT ₅₀). When the temperature rise of 1 ° C per hour rate change, holding culture temperature is 28 ° C salinity juveniles under 28 ‰ ginseng can tolerate a maximum water temperature of 34.9 ° C, while holding culture at a temperature of 22 ° C salinity for the 38 ‰ juvenile parameters only tolerated the highest temperature of 32.9 ° C. When the temperature rises rapidly to a series of high-temperature, juvenile parameters ALT ₅₀ the range 29.3 ° C-31.3 ° C. The experimental results show that the juvenile Participation temperature tolerance and holding culture temperature is related to associated, and relaying salinity negative. Two-way ANOVA two-factor analysis of variance of temperature and salinity on juvenile parameters under two experimental methods LT ₅₀ has a significant effect (P lt; 0.05). Temperature and salinity of the hybridization the juvenile parameters of salinity tolerance experiments using green sea cucumber and red the sea cucumber hybridization juvenile parameters as experimental materials to study the holding culture at different temperatures (24, 26 and 28 ° C) and different salinity (27, 32 and 37 ‰) under the conditions of the the hybridization the juvenile parameters of salinity tolerated. Experiment by gradually changing the speed of salinity to (2 ‰ h ^{-1 ) and two methods of rapid changes in salinity. The results show that the hybrid juvenile ginseng 50% CSMax (critical first egg hatched after fertilization at maximum, the highest critical salinity), 50% CSMin (critical first egg hatched after fertilization at minimum, the minimum critical salinity) the USTL (upper salinity tolerance limit, the maximum tolerated salinity) and LSTL (lower salinity tolerance limit, tolerance the salinity lower limit) positive correlation, negative correlation with the temperature and salinity. When the salinity of 2 ‰ h ^{-1 speed is raised or lowered, holding culture on the survival rate of juvenile parameters under 27 ‰ -28 ℃ to 100% when the salinity range of 15.0- 33.0 ‰, while holding culture on the survival rate of juvenile parameters under 37 ‰ -24 ℃ to 100% of the range of 23.0-46.0 ‰ salinity. When juvenile parameters to be quickly transferred into a series of high of salt salinity or low salinity seawater 72h juvenile argument median lethal salinity range compared to the salinity gradient narrower. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that salinity and temperature to 50% CSMax, 50% CSMin, USTL and LSTL has significant effects (P lt; 0.05).}}

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