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Southern slope of Qinling North Water Transfer Project in China is the main water source area, the water quality status of water diversion water quality is very important, related to the success or failure of the whole project. The forest has the role of water conservation and regulation, clean, stable water quality. 40% of the total area of ??the southern slope of Qinling forest area, which is how the impact on water quality has been a concern of the people. Huoditang forest is located in the central area of ??southern slope of Qinling forest vegetation has a good representation of the southern slope of Qinling, therefore, to carry out this study in the forest. Study the Qinling Mountains of main tree species constitute Sharptooth oak forest, oil pine and Huashan pine, in accordance with the rainfall through three stand spatial order, using comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation method discussed Sharptooth oak forest, the the oil pine forests and the the Huashan pine forest on rainfall water quality and its mechanism. The outcome is as follows: (1) Sharptooth oak forest, the oil pine forest and the Huashan pine forest canopy layer, litter layer and soil layer have a role in reducing the acidity in the rain, which, Chinese pine forest plays a major role in the play a key role in soil layer, Sharptooth oak forest and Pinus armandii forest litter layer. The the whole Sort the oil pine gt; Huashan pine gt; Sharptooth oak forest; (2) soil adsorption fixed rainwater are SO the 4 / sub> the 2 - NO < / sub> - , NH 4 , PO 4 3 - the critical level three woodland, Chinese pine forest soil. Fixed rainwater NO 3 - , NH 4 , the Huashan pine role, the best; fixed PO 4 3 - , the oil pine role; (3) Sharptooth oak forest and Pinus armandii adsorbed the rain Cu effects are better, Sharptooth oak forest to reduce the effect of Zn best all levels of Zn strong adsorption Interception; (4) forest canopy the three stand interception purification Pb, Cd, Cr key level. Stand litter layer and Sharptooth oak forest soil Cr adsorption; the oil pine forest litter layer, deep soil of Pinus armandii strong adsorption of Pb; Sharptooth oak forest litter layer strong rejection of Chinese pine forest soil on Cd; (5) three stand canopy layer, litter layer can be increased rainwater Al Sharptooth Oak in deep soil adsorption Interception; (6 ) Rainfall worst water quality; the three stand Linnei rain, oil pine water quality; blight permeable and Oak; soil horizon A soil runoff, oil pine best; subsurface flow in the soil layer B sharp tooth oak forest. Three stands and Oak to improve the water quality is best; (7) southern slope of the Qinling Mountains forest key indicators of water quality monitoring should be the pH the SO 4 2 - NH 4 , Pb, Al, Cd, Zn.
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