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Objective To investigate the immunosuppressant tacrolimus in the prevention of hypertrophic scars of rabbit ears . Methods 20 New Zealand white rabbits , the establishment of the rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model , each rabbit ears the ventral making diameter 1cm round wound , remove perichondrium , symmetrical, 20 rabbits a total of 160 wounds , wounds formation 14 days to complete epithelialization administration . There were divided into two groups, the first group of experimental group each rabbit right ear coated the surface of tacrolimus ointment ; second group , the positive control group, each rabbit right ear surface smear dexamethasone ointment , two groups of rabbits left ear coated with the same amount of Vaseline ointment to blank control group . By dosage of 0.1g per wound , morning and evening , a total of 35 days . Respectively in the wound after the formation of the first 14 days , 21 days , 28 days , 35 days and 49 days to collect specimens , HE staining , the observed experimental group and the control group morphological differences at the same time observed in HE staining smears and calculation scar proliferation index . Some specimens extracted mRNA line Real -time PCR detection of fibrosis associated factor TGF - β1, TGF-β2 , fibronectin protein , type I collagen , and lymphokine IL-4 gene expression . Morphological observed in the two groups compared with blank control group, there are significant differences in the experimental group has been reduced scar formation compared with the blank control group , positive control group noticeable scar atrophy . Experimental group in the wound after the formation of the first 14 days , 21 days , 28 days , 35 days and 49 days scar index were 1.46 ± 0.29,1.49 ± 0.33,1.62 ± 0.34,1.58 ± 0.28,1.47 ± 0.30 , while the blank control group were 1.85 ± 0.35,2.79 ± 0.33,2.50 ± 0.41,1.86 ± 0.29,1.62 ± 0.33. Real-time PCR test results show that tacrolimus the fibrosis factor of TGF- β1 in the Division experimental group than the control group compared to TGF-β2 , fibronectin protein , collagen type I and lymphocyte-associated factor IL -4 gene are there are varying degrees downward . Conclusion immunosuppressive drugs tacrolimus , the experimental group compared with blank control group significantly reduced scar formation proved Tacrolimus can effectively inhibit the scar of rabbit ears to help provide a new choice for the clinical prevention of scar formation .
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