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Objective:To investigate the function in control of the development of atherosclerosis by eliminating periodontal pathogen infection with antibiotics by establishing an animal model of periodontitis and atherosclerosis in rabbits. Methods: Forty-eight male New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups at random:group A (control group), B (statin group), C (antibiotics group), and D (statin accompany with antibiotics group). Every group was accepted the corresponding treatment. Animals were sacrificed after 14 weeks. The periodontal index, levels of blood lipid, serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were examined. Periodontitis severity was observed radiographically. And aorta was surveyed histologically. An immunohistochemical investigation of the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in plaque was also performed.The data were statistically analyzed. Results:Test results show:Probing depth and sulcus bleeding index in group D and C were lower than those in group A (P<0.01), group B was slightly lower than group A (P>0.05), group D and C had no statistically difference (P>0.05). Blood test results show that levels of blood lipid (TC, TG, LDL, HDL) in group B and D were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.01), group C was slightly lower than group A (P>0.05), group B and D had no statistically difference(P>0.05). The results of serum ELISA test show that serum CRP, TNF-a and IL-6 in group B, C, D were lower than those in group A (P<0.01), group D was lowest. The results of rabbit aorta detection indicate:the intima-media thickness (IMT) and atheromatous plaque/intima area in group B and D were lower than those in group A and C (P<0.01), group C was lower than group A (P>0.05), group B and D had no statistically difference. The results of immunohistochemical test show that the expression of MMP-9 in group B, C, D were lower than those in group A (P<0.01), group D was lowest.2×2 factorial design revealed that there were interactions between tinidazole and atorvastatin on the numerus of CPR, TNF-a, IL-6, MMP-9 (P<0.05), and the main effect of each factor on that was significant (P<0.05). The main effect of tinidazole on probing depth and sulcus bleeding index was significant (.P<0.05), and atorvastatin on that was not significant (P>0.05), there were not interactions between them on that (P>0.05). The main effect of atorvastatin on blood lipid,IMT, atheromatous plaque/intima area was significant (P<0.05), and tinidazole on that was not significant (P>0.05), there were not interactions between them on that. Conclusions:Tinidazole can reduce the levels of CRP, TNF-a, IL-6, and MMP-9 in the rabbit animal models of chronic periodontitis merger atherosclerosis, which probably is one of mechanism of preventing atherosclerosis.
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