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Objective To explore the effects of CD8+CXCR3+T cells on autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).Methods Twenty-two patients with AIHA, including 11 untreated and 11 recovered patients, and 23 normal controls were enrolled in this study. The percentage of CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+T cells in peripheral blood and the expression of IL-10 in CD8+CXCR3+T cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expression level of CXCR3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) was determined by semi-quantitive RT-PCR. Their correlations with reticulocyte count, the level of indirect bilirubin and plasma free hemoglobin, the quantity of CD3+CD4+cells, the percentage of CD5+CD19+in CD19+ B cells, the ratio of Thl/Th2 and DC1/DC2 were analyzed.Result (1)The percentage of CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+ of untreated AIHA patients was (39.8019.96)%, lower than that of recovered patients[(58.76±14.22)%](P＜0.018) and normal controls[(59.66±12.62)%](P=0.001). However, there was no statistic difference between recovered patients and normal controls(P=0.852).(2)The percentage of IL-10+ T cells in CD8+CXCR3+T cells of untreated patients was (22.98±14.96)%, lower than that of normal controls[(38.15±17.03)%] (P=0.025), but no statistic difference with recovered patients [(32.17±14.23)%] (P=0.167). Neither was between recovered patients and normal controls(P=0.364).(3) The expression level of CXCR3 mRNA of untreated AIHA patients was (0.5103±0.1894), lower than that of normal controls (1.666±1.175)(P=0.001). However, there was no statistic difference between recovered patients(0.8016±0.4411) and normal controls(P=0.074). Neither was between untreated and recovered patients(P=0.095).(4) The percentage of CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+T cells had negative correlation with reticulocyte count and the level of indirect bilirubin and plasma free hemoglobin (r=-0.483,-0.509,-0.448 respectively, all P<0.05),(5) The percentage of CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+T cells had negative correlation with the quantity of CD3+CD4+cells and the percentage of CD5+CD19+/CD19+B cells(r=-0.571, P=0.026,r=-0.583, P=0.018). So did the percentage of IL-10+T cells in CD8+CXCR3+T cells (r=-0.524, P=0.045, r=-0.523, P=0.037). The percentage of CD8+CXCR3+/CD8+T cells had positive correlation with the ratio of Th1/Th2 and CD11c/CD123(r=0.764,P=0.001,r=0.764,P=0.046).Conclusion The decrease of the quantity of CD8+CXCR3+T cells and their levels of IL-10 were involved in breaking down immune tolerance, which might be related to the incidence of AIHA.
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