|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a kind of familar respiratory disease, characterized by inflammation in air passage and obstruction of air flow.As a meridian guiding herb in Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin, Radix Platycodi is usually used in pulmonary disease.Base on the study of document and theory,we observe the therapeutic effect on COPD and its mechanism when Radix Platycodi as a meridian guiding herb,combined with heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs.Furthermore,we explore the mechanism of meridian guiding effect of Radix Platycodi.The thesis is totally divided into three parts:The first part is literature review.Summarize the modern research and therapeusis of Chinese medicine in COPD,the Radix Platycodi’application in respiratory system ,the researching progress in the theory of meridian tropism and guiding.At present,the incidence of COPD is attached importance by many researchers in the world.Many people do a lot of experimental and clinical study work with COPD about etiology, pathogenesy, diagnosis, therapeusis ect.And these studies acquire many achievements.A great deal of researchs show that chinese medicine have some advantages on the treatment of COPD.Because they have effects on many targets, elements and pathways.The theory of meridian tropism and guiding is one of the important part in Chinese medicine.It has directive effect on clinic.Recently years,many researchers attempt to study it using mordern theory, technique and methods.These studies obtained a certain progress, but have not grave breakthrough and still need explore it combining the latest researching progresses.The second part is theoretical study.Comb the understanding of Chinese doctors about the theory on meridian tropism and guiding in the history of Chinese medicine.Analyse the effect and clicical application of meridian guiding herbs.Explore academic ideology of Zhangzhongjing about the theory of meridian tropism and guiding in Treatise On Cold-Attack and Miscellaneous Disease.The theory of meridian tropism and guiding was originated from Qin and Han dynasties, established in Jin and Yan dynasties, perfected in Ming and Qing Dynasties.The six meridian syndrome differentiation and visceral syndrome differentiation,which founded by Zhang zhongjing,were the foundation of the theory .The meridian guiding herbs can lead other medicine to diseased region,concentrate drug action,improve the effect. Radix Platycodi is considered as a meridian guiding herb in Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin,possessing the floating effect. It is usually used in pulmonary disease. The third part is experimental study.Objective:Obsever the therapeutic effect of heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs compined with Radix Platycodi on COPD through pathomorphology.Explore the mechanism of the therapeutic effect through inflammatory cell and cytokine. Study the mechanism of meridian guiding through TFF3、VIP.Methods:COPD rat model was induced by cigarette smoking inhalation and intratracheal LPS exposure.Rats were divided into 7 groups,namely normal group,model group, Jiegeng group(Radix Platycodi),Jiegan group(Radix Platycodi, Glycyrrhiza),Yinqiao group(Flos Lonicerae, Forsythia suspense, ect),Jieyinqiao group(Radix Platycodi,Flos Lonicerae, Forsythia suspense,ect),Jieganyinqiao group(Radix Platycodi,Glycyrrhiza,Flos Lonicerae, Forsythia suspense,ect). Normal group and model group were given saline,other groups were given corresponding herbal medicine, continuously for 28 days. Takeing lung tissue of rats, making specimen for optical microscope and electron microscope.Measures the content of TNF-α,TGF-,IL-1βwith the ABC-ELISA method and count the quantity of white blood cell in BALF. Measures trefoil Factor Family3 (TFF3) mRNA expression on the lung with RT-PCR technique. Measures the content of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the lung with radio-immunity methods.Results and analysis:The light-microscope observation show that in the model group ,the structure of bronchoalveolus is destructive,detelectasis and the interval is broaden, coalesce. There have many inflammatory cells infiltration in alveolar wall and interalveolar septum. Bronchial epithelium proliferate obviously.Some parts of epithelium are deciduous. Inflammatory cell infiltrate into bronchial wall.The ultra-microstructure observation show that alveolar typeⅡepithelial cells degenerate, microvilli in the surface of cell deplete, fragmentation and deciduous. Mitochondria swelling, ridge disappearing. secondary lysosome of macrophagocyte increase.Pathological semiquantitative analysis show that MLI、MAN have significant difference comparing with normal group(P<0.01).It manifest that alveolar diameter increased,the quantity of bronchoalveolus reduced,the structure of bronchoalveolus is detoryed obviously.The results manifest that the changes in model group have significant difference comparing with normal group in microscope.The structure of lung tissue is distoryed severly,inflammatory reaction increased.Jiegen group, Jiegan group,Yinqiao group have not obviously different on pathological changes comparing with model group.It manifest that when Radix Platycodi and heat– clearing and detoxicating herbs use separately ,the meliorative effect on pathological changes is not obviously.Jieyinqiao group ,that is heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs combined with Radix Platycodi.The light-microscope observation show,the range of pathological changes reduce,the degree relieve.The infiltration of inflammatory cell decrease obviously.The structure of bronchoalveolus recover mostly. The ultra-microstructure observation show,the change of alveolar typeⅡepithelial cells is not obviously.The structure of cell is integrated. The structure of mitochondria is normal.The quantity of neutrophile granulocyte and macrophagocyte are reduced. Pathological semiquantitative analysis show that, MLI has significant difference comparing with model group(P<0.05). MAN has trend of increase. It manifest that Jieyinqiao group can meliorative alveolar diameter obviously, increase the quantity of bronchoalveolus on some degree.It manifest that Jieyinqiao group have significant difference comparing with model group on pathological changes. Heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs combined with Radix Platycodi have some meliorative effect on inflammatory reaction and structure of lung tissue.The effect is better than Jiegeng group, Yinqiao group.It reveal that Radix Platycodi exerts synergized action through meridian guiding.Jieganyinqiao group, that is heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs combined with Radix Platycodi, Glycyrrhiza.The light-microscope observation show,the range of pathological changes reduce,the degree relieve.The infiltration of inflammatory cell decrease obviously.The structure of bronchoalveolus recover mostly. The ultra-microstructure observation show,the change of alveolar typeⅡepithelial cells is not obviously.The structure of cell is integrate. The structure of mitochondria is normal.The quantity of neutrophile granulocyte and macrophagocyte are reduced. Pathological semiquantitative analysis show that, MLI has trend of decrease comparing with model group. MAN has significant increase comparing with model group(P<0.01) . It manifest that Jieganyinqiao group can increase the quantity of bronchoalveolus obviously,have meliorative effect on lung tissue structure.The result reveal that Jieganyinqiao group have significant difference comparing with model group on pathological changes. Heat-clearing and detoxicating herbs combined with Jiegeng ,Glycyrrhiza have obviously meliorative effect on inflammatory reaction and structure of lung tissue.It make out that Radix Platycodi combined with Glycyrrhiza exerts synergized action through compatibility meridian guiding.Compare with normal group,the amount of white blood cell,the content of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-βof model group increase significantly(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05).It show that the model of COPD have obviously sign of inflammation.It is consist with pathological results.Compare with model group, the amount of white blood cell and the content of IL-1βof Jieyinqiao group have significant different(P<0.05,P<0.01), the content of TNF-αhas trend of decrease. It show that Jieyinqiao group can reduce the amount of white blood cell ,the content of IL-1βand TNF-α.The result reveal that meliorative effect of Jieyinqiao group is related with the decrease of white blood cell ,IL-1βand TNF-α.Compare with model group, the amount of white blood cell,the content of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-βof Jieganyinqiao group decrease significantly(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05).It manifest that therapeutic effect of Jieganyinqiao group is related with the decrease of white blood cell ,IL-1β,TNF-αand TGF-β.Compare with normal group ,the expression of TFF3 mRNA , the content of VIP in model group have trend of decrease .It show that this two kinds of peptide decrease in pathological state.On other therapeutic groups, TFF3、VIP have increasing trend on some degree. Jiegeng group regulate TFF3 better than other groups.It can speculate that Radix Platycodi‘s synergized action of meridian guiding is related with TFF3.TFF3 may be the target of Radix Platycodi.Jieganyinqiao group regulate VIP better than other groups.It can speculate that Radix Platycodi combined with have synergized action of compatibility meridian guiding ,it is consist with VIP.Conclusion:Heat-clearing and detoxicating herbsherbs combined with Radix Platycodi have synergized action through lung meridian guiding.It can strength the effect of heat-clearing and detoxicating herbsherbs.The mechanism is concerned with TFF3、VIP. Radix Platycodi combined with Glycyrrhiza show some synergized action through compatibility meridian guiding.Its mechanism have relation with VIP.In order to ensure TFF3、VIP are target of Radix Platycodi,we need many different testing methods to confirm it.
|