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Analysis and Optimization of Cab Structure and Acoustic Characteristics

Author: NiXinShuai
Tutor: ZhangZhiFei
School: Chongqing University
Course: Vehicle Engineering
Keywords: Cab Mode Structure-acoustic coupling Topology optimization DMAP
CLC: U463.81
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2012
Downloads: 95
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Abstract


In this paper, the dynamic and acoustic characteristics of a heavy commercialvehicle cab were researched by the method of FEM. The modal characteristics of thecab’s body-in-white (BIW) were optimized and improved using structure optimizationmethod. The topology optimization program for free damping material was written.With this program, the arrangement of the damping material on the cab was optimized.So the peak pressure at the reference point was efficiently reduced. The research on astructure-acoustic coupling model, consisting of aluminum plate and the acoustic cavity,was conducted. The result of the simulation and experiment all validated the validity ofthe topology optimization program.The finite element model of cab was set up by Hypermesh, and its low modalanalysis was conducted. The analysis result showed that the first modal frequency of thecab was low.For raising the first torsion frequency of the cab, topology optimization wasapplied to optimize the structure of the cab. Three improving methods were put forwardon the basis of the optimization result, like modifying the original reinforced boards,adding new reinforced boards and adding strengthen ribs. Through analysis andcomparison, adding new reinforced boards was chosen for the structure improvementscheme. Then the thickness of the new reinforced boards was optimized. According tothe comparison between the optimized cab and the original one, it’s found that the firsttorsion frequency of the cab enhanced from17.952Hz to22.200Hz, and bendingstiffness and torsion rigidity was greatly improved.The structure-acoustic coupling finite element model of cab was established.Modal characteristics and acoustic response of the model were analyzed. The acousticstructural modal participation factors and panel acoustic contributions for peak soundpressure at the reference point were computed to find structural modals and panels thathad most influence on the acoustic response of vehicle.The front panel was treated with damping material to reduce the peak pressure at thereference point. In order to find the optimum distribution of damping material andreduce its consumption, the topology optimization program based on optimizationcriteria algorithm was written using DMAP language. With this program, thearrangement of the damping material on the front panel of the cab was optimized. These two separate damping treatments: fully damped and partly damped after optimized,were compared with no damp material. The comparison indicated the topologyoptimization program was valid. The structure-acoustic coupling model, consisting ofaluminum plate and the acoustic cavity, was selected as an example. With the topologyprogram, the arrangement of the damping material on the aluminum plate wasoptimized to maxim the damping ratio of the first bending mode by finite elementmethod, which was validated by experiments.

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CLC: > Transportation > Road transport > Automotive Engineering > Automotive structural components > Cab and body > Cab
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