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Nutrient Balance and Fertilization for Wheat/ Maize Rotation System in Western Guanzhong

Author: LiuRui
Tutor: ZhouJianBin
School: Northwest University of Science and Technology
Course: Agricultural environmental protection and food safety
Keywords: Summer maize - winter wheat rotation Nitrogen rate Cultivation patterns Nutrient balance Nitrate accumulation
CLC: S513
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 49
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Abstract

The relevant central and western regions of Shaanxi Province, one of the main producing areas of the food crops, summer corn - wheat rotation is the region's main planting. In recent years, this region is similar to the rest of the country, in order to achieve the purpose of crop yield, a large number of chemical fertilizer, soil fertility has been some improvement. However, with the growth in fertilizer use, excessive fertilization phenomena, especially the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer has been more common. This not only resulted in a significant loss of fertilizer resources, and serious damage to farmland ecological environment, resulting in the pollution of the environment, and bring some kind of threat to the health of people living in this region. To solve the above problem, this paper carried out in this region Huxian, Zhouzhi counties more than 20 wheat and corn, \rotation system under fertilization and soil profile nitrogen accumulation relationship, as well as under different cultivation patterns farmland nutrient balance, is designed to provide a theoretical basis for the crop nutrient management and fertilization technology in this region. The main results include: 1 in the Guanzhong area Huxian, Zhouzhi counties two years in a row, more than 20 \The significant increase in the amount of leaching to deeper soil layers, the more serious. Soil nitrogen when the nitrogen rate for N2 level (180 ~ 240 kg/hm2), the number of test points showed a surplus; soil nitrogen when nitrogen application amounted to N3 level (270 ~ 360 kg/hm2), all test points hormone were significantly surplus. Between different nitrogen amount of soil nitrogen balance (taken out of the difference between the amount of nitrogen application rate and crop nitrogen) and soil 0-2 m section N accumulation was highly significant positive correlation, indicating that soil nitrogen balance The gains and losses determine the cumulative status of the soil profile nitrate; soil nitrogen balance value for each additional 100 kg/hm2 ,0-2 m soil nitrate accumulation in an increase of approximately 62.5 kg/hm2. 2 in the Guanzhong area Huxian, weeks to two County 6 \Some soil nitrogen test point has been reached balance of nitrogen rate for N1 level (90 ~ 150 kg/hm2); soil nitrogen when nitrogen application amounted to N3 level (270 ~ 450 kg/hm2), all test points prime significantly large surplus. 0-2 m section N accumulation of soil nitrogen balance value and soil nitrogen rate was highly significant positive correlation between gains and losses of the soil nitrogen balance to determine the cumulative status of the soil profile nitrate; soil nitrogen balance value each additional 100 kg/hm2 ,0-2 m soil nitrate accumulation in an increase of approximately 47.6 kg/hm2. 3. nutrient inputs and crop nutrients to be taken out of the analysis of the apparent equilibrium seven consecutive summer maize - winter wheat rotation system The positioning of the year to test the relationship between the different cultivation methods and nitrogen fertilizer under the soil NPK nutrient balance, and soil nutrient content. The results show that the two straw mulch mode (ie straw mulching mode and furrow mode) soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients Deficit lower than those of conventional mode and water control mode, the straw in balanced soil nutrient status has important role. When nitrogen application rate for each quarter N 120 kg/hm2 soil nitrogen reached basic balance; nitrogen application amounted to N 240 kg/hm2, soil nitrogen surplus increased significantly to an average of up to 1471 kg/hm2. Nitrogen balance value of the treated soils and soil 0-2 m profile accumulated nitrate and soil phosphorus, potassium, total balance value and soil available P and available K was highly significant positive correlation soil nitrogen balance value for each additional 100 kg / the hm2 ,0-2 m soil profile nitrate accumulation in an increase of approximately 38.3 kg/hm2; soil phosphorus, potassium balance for every 100 kg/hm2 soil available phosphorus and available potassium were reduced by approximately 3.5 mg / kg and 1.0 mg / kg, farmland nutrient balance of gains and losses determine the law of the ebb and flow of soil nutrients.

Nutrient Balance and Fertilization for Wheat/ Maize Rotation System in Western Guanzhong

Abstract

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