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Purpose: The proteasome is an important class of intracellular proteolytic enzyme systems involved in the regulation of cell signaling, cell cycle, apoptosis, including important events, and thus have far-reaching process of inflammation, immune and tumor the impact. It is worth noting that the system process in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, such as endothelial dysfunction, the formation of foam cells, smooth muscle cell proliferation and plays an important role in vascular remodeling and other sectors. Β5 subunit, which is located in the core part of the proteasome, mature, and play in the assembly of the proteasome proteolytic function plays a dominant role. This study selected concurrent carotid endarterectomy in patients with carotid artery stenosis of atherosclerotic plaques using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot protein quantitative analysis method, to study the proteasome β5 subunit in human arterial atherosclerotic plaques changes in the level of expression in the block, in order to explore the level of proteasome activity atherosclerosis lesions between interrelated. Methods: severe carotid atherosclerosis parallel carotid endarterectomy patients take the surgical removal of atherosclerotic plaque tissue as the case group (16 cases), depending on the degree of stenosis, is divided into a core part ( narrow gt; 50%, group A) and the edge portion (stenosis ≤ 50%, B group). Select the relatively normal aortic aneurysm in patients with aortic replacement surgery resection subclavian artery, innominate artery as a control group (n = 4, C group). The samples were collected clinical data such as age, gender, smoking history, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia medical history and records of various biochemical markers. Fresh tissue resection harvesting technique, part of the sample, 10% formalin-fixed, gradient alcohol dehydration, xylene, embedded in paraffin, prepared slices HE staining and immunohistochemical analysis; another part of the total protein extracted from tissues conducted Western Blot analysis. Finally, the above results of the statistical analysis, the groups were compared using chi-square test, P lt; 0 .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 1. Compared with the control, the case group showed higher hyperlipidemia, diabetes ratio, and more associated with a history of smoking; 2. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that, in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the smooth muscle cells presence of proteasome β5 subunit positive signal, and mainly in the cytoplasm; comprehensive immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis results between the case and control groups, as well as different types of patients in the case group between proteasome β5 subunit expression level differences: A group (the arterial stenosis gt; 50%) lt; B group (≤ 50% artery stenosis) lt; C group (control group), that proteasome β5 subunit expression was decreased activity in the core plaque of atherosclerosis. Conclusion: in the atherosclerotic plaque, the proteasome β5 subunit protein level was significantly reduced, suggesting that the subunits may play a leading role in the function of the proteasome-mediated atherosclerosis progression.
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