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Study on the Characteristic of VOC Emission from Typical Wet Building Materials

Author: ChenJing
Tutor: ZhuNeng
School: Tianjin University
Course: Heating,Gas Supply, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering
Keywords: wet building materials drying time VOC concentration emissionmodel
CLC: TU56
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2012
Downloads: 30
Quote: 0
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Abstract


With the development of the living standard, the requirement of indoor decorationhas become higher and higher. Therefore, many kinds of wet building materials arewidely applied indoors. However, some wet building materials release aldehydes,aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, esters and other volatile organic compounds toindoor air, and cause serious indoor organic pollution. High-grade interior decoration,a thick crowd and various goods are common in the shopping malls, supermarkets,modern classroom buildings and other public places, so the organic pollution inindoor air of these places are more complex. Therefore, this paper carries on thefollowing research.The drying time of the coating film of polyurethane varnish and cement floorpaint were measured at three groups of temperature (23°C,33°C and43°C) throughthe finger contact method and the blade method. At the same time, the changes ingloss of these two wet coating film during the drying process were investigated underthese three temperatures.The volatile organic compounds (VOC) from three kinds of solvent-based paintand five types of adhesive had been identified by the pretreatment including solventdilution, ultrasonic extraction and filtration, and gas chromatography-massspectrometry analysis. The film-forming materials and auxiliary agents in these paintand adhesive were also determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.A small environmental chamber testing system were designed on the basis of D5116–97and EN ISO16000-9formulated by the American Society for Testing andMaterials and European Committee for Standardization, respectively. The components,interior structure of the test chamber, preparation before experiments andexperimental process were described in detail.The short-term emission of organic compounds from the polyurethane varnishfilm and cement floor paint film were carried out in the small environmental chamberat two temperatures (33°C,43°C). These two paints were applied to beech plywoodsand concrete slabs, respectively. The gaseous concentration versus time for thebenzene series, alkanes, butyl acetate, TVOC were described during24-h experiment. The effect of temperature on VOC emission from these two coatings were alsoanalysed.In the small chamber, VOC emission from two kinds of solvent-based adhesivespread on concrete slabs were investigated under the conditions of no carpt and4kinds of carpet on the surface of adhesive film.1,2-dichloroethane,2-methylhexane,3-methylhexane, methyl acetate, toluene and TVOC were selected as targetcompounds for quantitative analysis in the experiment. The influence of carpets on theattenuation of gaseous concentrations and the time of reaching peak concentrationwere specified during24h exposure.According to the application of adhesive in practice，a VOC emission model wasdeveloped. This model consisted of the air layer, covering layer, adhesive layer andsubstrate layer. The Euler method and four points difference scheme was adopted todiscretize the model, and then the iteration method was used to solve the discreteequations. The concentration change of ethyl acetate with time in each layer of themodel were analyzed. The influences of diffusion coefficient in covering layer onthe ethyl acetate concentrations of different layers were also discussed.Finally, concentrations of formaldehyde, benzene and toluene in the air in a largesupermarket and a classroom building in Tianjin were measured with the methods ofspectrophotometric method and solvent desorption-gas chromatography.Concentrations in different sales areas of the supermarket were compared at length.

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