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Training and pruning was an important part in apple labour-saving cultivationtechnology, which was regarded as the most complex technology in the past, bendingbranch and notching bud were commonly used in modern pruning process. In order touse bending branch and notching bud preferably, and improve apple labour-savingcultivation technology, from2011~2012, in Nangou village, Lincheng county, Hebeiprovince, branches of ‘Yanfu3’ apple trees which were planted in2007in Hebei Lvsenforest fruit CO. LTD were used to study the effects of bending branch and notching budon vigorous rootstock apple trees. The results showed that:1. The average budding rate of notching bud was74.57%, and that thenon-notching bud was44.12%, the former was significantly higher than that of thelatter. Bending branch to90°, the average budding rate of notching bud branches was76.32%, which was the highest among the notching bud branches; and non-notchingbranches was45.06%, which was the highest among the non-notching bud branches.Bending branch to135°was lower than that of bending branch to90°. The averagebudding rates of bending branch to45°were the lowest.2. The average flowering rate of notching bud branches was14.12%, and that thenon-notching bud branches was8.29%, the former was higher than that of the latter,but didn’t have significant difference. In notching bud branches treatment, the averagebud flowering rates were17.87%,12.50%,5.00%respectively when bending branch to135°,90°and45°, the average bud flowering rates of bending branch to135°and90°had no significant difference, but both were very significantly higher than that of45°;The non-notching bud branches treatment had a same tend with the notching budbranches treatment.3. The average shoot lengths of the non-notching bud branches were8.3cm,17.0cm,19.7cm,20.1cm respectively which were bended branch to135°,90°,45°and CK,and those bending branch to45°and CK were significant higher than those of the othertwo treatments, bending branch to90°was very significant higher than that of135°; theshoot lengths of notching bud branches had the same trend with non-notching budbranches. The average shoot lengths of the non-notching bud branches and notching bud branches when bended branch to135°were were8.3cm and5.3cm, the former wassignificant higher than that the latter, and bended branch to the other angles, thatnon-notching bud treatments were very significant higher than that of notching budtreatments.4. Diurnal variation of photosynthesis in June was single peak type, the peakappeared at8:00. At this time, the net photosynthetic rates of bending branch to135°,90°,45°and CK were6.29μmol CO2m-2·s-1,5.96μmol CO2m-2·s-1,4.77μmolCO2m-2·s-1and3.64μmol CO2m-2·s-1respectively, the net photosynthetic rates ofbending branch to135°and90°were very significant higher than those of45°and CK.Diurnal variation of photosynthesis in July was single peak type, the peaks of bendingbranch to45°and CK appeared at10:00, the other two treatment’s peaks appeared at12:00. At10:00, the net photosynthetic rate of bending branch to90°was4.50μmolCO2m-2·s-1, it was very significant lower than the other treatments. At12:00, the netphotosynthetic rate of bending branch to135°was7.97μmol CO2m-2·s-1, it was verysignificant higher than the other treatments. Diurnal variation of photosynthesis inAugust was double peak type, the first peak of bending branch to90°and CK appeared at8:00, the other two treatment’s first peak appeared at10:00. At8:00, the netphotosynthetic rate of bending branch to135°was4.11μmol CO2m-2·s-1, it wassignificant lower than that of CK, and had no significant difference with othertreatments. The second peaks of bending branch to135°,90°, CK appeared at14:00, butthe second peak of bending branch to45°appeared at16:00. At14:00, the netphotosynthetic rate of bending branch to90°was4.11μmol CO2m-2·s-1, it was verysignificant higher than the other treatments. In June, the transpiration rates of bendingbranch to135°and90°were3.39mmol H2Om-2·s-1and3.13mmol H2Om-2·s-1, andthere had no significant difference between the two treatments, but that of bendingbranch to135°was very significant higher than that of45°and CK. In July, thetranspiration rate of bending branch to135°was6.56mmol H2Om-2·s-1, it wassignificant higher than that of bending branch to90°and CK. In August, thetranspiration rates of bending branch to135°and90°were4.68mmol H2Om-2·s-1and5.33mmol H2Om-2·s-1, the transpiration rate of bending branch to90°was significanthigher than bending branch to135°and very significant higher than the other treatments,the transpiration rate of bending branch to135°was significant higher than bendingbranch to45°, and very significant higher than CK.5. The one year old branches, the leaf chlorophyll-a content of bending branch to135°was23.45mg/g, and was very significant higher than the other treatments, the leafchlorophyll-b contents of bending branch to135°and90°the were5.89mg/g and5.46mg/g, they were very significant higher than the other treatments. The two year oldbranches, the leaf chlorophyll-a content of bending branch to135°was16.44mg/g, and was very significant lower than the other treatments, the leaf chlorophyll-b content ofbending branch to135°was4.39mg/g, also it was very significant lower than the othertreatments.6. Bending branch to45°, bud GA3contents of notching bud and non-notching budbranch were550.727μg/g and51.365μg/g, bud IAA contents were0.703μg/g and0.543μg/g, bud ABA contents were6.589μg/g and0.865μg/g, all the three hormonescontents of notching bud branch were very significant higher than that of non-notchingbud branch. Bending branch to the other angles had the same tends with45°. Whenbending branch to45°, bud GA3/ABA of notching bud was83.585, and it wassignificant higher than that of no-notching bud, which was59.402. When bendingbranch to90°, bud GA3/ABA of notching bud and non-notching bud branch were2.751and17.630, and that of notching bud was very significant lower than that ofnon-notching bud. When bending branch to135°, bud GA3/ABA of notching bud andnon-notching bud branch were0.231and4.032, and that of notching bud was verysignificant lower than that of non-notching. The one year old branches of non-notchingbud, the bud GA3contents of bending branch to the45°,90°,135°were51.365μg/g,49.350μg/g,42.658μg/g, and that of bending branch to45°was very significant higherthan the others, bud ABA contents were0.865μg/g,2.799μg/g,10.579μg/g, and that ofbending branch to135°was very significant higher than those of the others, IAAcontents had the same tends with GA3, and that the two year old branches had the sametend with the one year old branches.7. The one year branches, when bending branch to45°, GA3/ABA in lower buds ofthe branch was79.294, that in middle buds was16.522, in upper buds was11.792,GA3/ABA in lower buds was very significant higher than that of the middle, and that inmiddle buds was very significant higher than that of the upper. Bending branch to90°and135°had the same tend with45°. The two year branches, when bending branch to45°, GA3/ABA in lower buds of the branch was182.450, it was very significant higherthan that of in middle buds, and that in middle buds was very significant higher thanthat if in upper buds. When bending branch to90°, GA3/ABA in lower buds of thebranch was2.666, it was very significant higher than that of in middle buds, and that inupper buds was very significant higher than that of in middle buds. That the bendingbranch to135°had the same tend with90°.8. Ther average apple weights of bending branch to135°,90°,45°, CK, were214.44g,232.00g,193.33g,188.22g. The apple vertical diameter of bending branchto135°,90°,45°were6.69cm,6.99cm,6.26cm, the apple lateral diameter of bendingbranch to135°,90°,45°were7.94cm,8.08cm,7.67cm. The yield per plant of bendingbranch to135°,90°,45°and CK were17.25kg,22.05kg,4.20kg,1.90kg. The applehardness of bending branch to135°was7.6kg·cm-2, it was significant lower than the others. The soluble solids of different treatments had no significant difference. The totalsugar contents of four different treatments were14.30%,14.98%,15.16%,14.28%,those bending branch to90°and45°were very significant higher than the others.Titrable acids contents of bending branch to90°was0.26%, it was significant lowerthan the others.
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