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Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Assessment of Genetic Diversities of TLR7 Gene in Chickens

Author: MaoXingJia
Tutor: ChenTieQiao；HanJianLin
School: Hunan Agricultural University
Course: Clinical Veterinary Medicine
Keywords: chicken disease resistance Toll-like receptor SNPs haplotype genetic diversity
CLC: S831
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 96
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Abstract


From a macro perspective, the occurrence of any disease is a result of interaction of genetic and environmental factors; therefore almost all diseases are related with genetics. At present, the way to control poultry diseases, such as through drugs and vaccines, can not effectively prevent the occurrence of avian pandemics. From the fundamental point of view, breeding for disease resistance shall be an effective way to solve the problem. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of major pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune system. This discovery changed the perception that the innate immunity is only the groundwork before the initiation of the adapted immunity, and made a resurgence of awareness and attention. By the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, TLRs upregulated the expression of proinflammatory factors, Chemokines and cytokines, leading to inflammatory response and thus the elimination of the invasion of pathogenic micro-organisms.The complete length of chicken TLR7 (chTLR7) gene is 6747 bp, contains two exons and one intron. We designed nine pairs of primers to amplify the complete chTLR7 gene and to directly sequence its PCR products for the identification of SNPs in the chTLR7 gene. A total of 79 variable sites were found in the chTLR7 gene, of which 68 are novel sites identified from this study. The 5’ untranslated region contains three SNPs; exon 1 one has one single base insertion/deletion;,intron region carries 61 SNPs, of which 55 are SNPs, 2 single base insertions/deletions present in the poly Ts and As, four insertions/deletions in AAGTA, AACTTTC, TC and CTTT frames each; exon 2 has 14 SNPs and 3’ untranslated region one SNP.The genetic diversity for three SNPs (c.3809G>A, c.3817A>G and c.3851A>T) and resulted haplotypes of partial exon 2 of the chTLR7 gene (485 bp) in 179 individuals of three domestic chicken and one red jungle fowl populations were further investigated using direct sequencing of the PCR products and also genotyping of the products by PCR-SSCP protocol. The results showed that the genetic polymorphisms are abundant at the three SNPs with minor allele frequency and PIC values in all locus-population recombinations but the G allele at c.3809G>A in the Beijing fatty chicken population. There are significant but irregular differences in allelic frequency distributions at the three SNPs between the four populations. Haplotype reconstruction revealed five haplotypes (AAA、AAT、GAA、AGA and GGA) with significant differences (P < 0.01) in frequency distributions between the four populations. These data provide new molecular markers for genetic improvement of disease resistance in chickens.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Livestock, animal medicine,hunting,silkworm,bee > Poultry > Chicken
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