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Resistant Identification and Analysis of Wild Emmer Wheat, Triticum Dicoccoides to Stripe Rust Pathogen, Puccinia Striiformis

Author: LiangQiang
Tutor: ChengJianPing
School: Guizhou University
Course: Crop Genetics and Breeding
Keywords: Israel Mediterranean Wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) Resistance genetic analysis
CLC: S512.19,435.121.42
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 20
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Abstract


Wheat stripe rust is one of the most important wheat diseases in China, and it is a major constraint in wheat production and is a serious threat to food security in the world. Now the scientists from all over world are trying to explore the wheat resistance to stripe rust from their wild relatives. Wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides is rich in genetic diversity. And as the progenitor of most tetraploid and hexaploid cultivated wheats, it is known to be a valuable source for stripe rust resistance genes. Until now, three stripe rust resistance genes, designated as Yrl5, YrH52 and Yr36 were identified from Rosh pinna, Mt. Hermon and Galilee regions in the mesic north of Israel, respectively. In order to identify and characterize novel stripe rust resistance in wild emmer populations, the seedling reactions of three populations collected along the Mediterranean coast, i.e., Bet Oren, Bat Shelomo and Givat-Koach populations, to one Chinese prevalent stripe rust race, CY32, and three Israeli prevalent stripe rust races, 5006 （race 38E134）, Y241 （race 6E16） and 5331 （race 6E0） were investigated in this study. The obtained results indicated that1. Using the Chinese prevalent stripe rust race CY32, the 1030 individuals from 30 accessions originated in Bet Oren, Bat Shelomo and Givat-Koach populations were investigated. As a whole, the stripe rust resistance in these three populations was low. Of these three populations, the stripe rust resistance in Bat-Shelomo population is higher than that in Beit-Oren population, and Beit-Oren’s resistance is higher than Givat-Koach’s. Two accessions of TZ35 and TZ94 were found to be high stripe rust resistance level to race CY32 in the present test.2. Meanwhile, the 919 individuals from the same 30 accessions and three populations of wild emmer wheat were examined the resistance using three Israeli prevalent stripe rust races, 38E134, 6E16 and 6E0. Also, the low stripe rust resistance was found to be in these three populations. For race 38E134, the stripe rust resistance harboring in Bat-Shelomo is higher than that in Beit-Oren, and Beit-Oren’s is higher than Givat-Koach’s. For both races 6E16 and 6E0, the order of the stripe rust resistance level is contrary to the race 38E134. In total, six accessions, TZ35, TZ38, TZ84, TZ90, TZ91 and TZ92, were identified as stripe rust resiatance.3. According to the results mentioned above, seven accessions of wild emmer sampled from the Israeli northern Mediterranean coast displayed the resistance to wheat stripe rust. These results also demonstrated that mesic environment would be helpful to form the stripe rust resistance under the selection pressure during the long- term evolution of wild emmer wheat in the Fertile Cresent. Accession TZ35 from Bat-Shelomo population showed the resistance both to race CY32 from China and race 38E134 from Israel; therefore, it will probably be a useful material for further studies on resistance genetic aspect and breeding utilization in wheat improvement.4. A 123 F2 individuals produced by a hybrid cross between T. dicoccoides highly resistant accession TZ2000 and T. durum cultivar highly susceptible Langdon were detected with the race CY32. Among them, 95 individuals were found resistance （R） to race CY32, and 28 displayed susceptible （S） reactions. The ratio of R/S is 3.39. Chi-square value was calculated as 0.316, and it was significantly lower than the threshold value 3.84. From this result, it can be inferred that the stripe rust resistance of T. dicoccoides accession TZ200 is controlled by a single gene.

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