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Carbamate pesticides because of their variety, good efficacy, low toxicity to humans and animals, efficient and selectivity characteristics are widely used in agricultural production. Brought excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products has become increasingly prominent, a direct impact on the health of consumers and foreign economic and trade development. So create a fast, efficient, and economical detection method become a serious problem. This paper studies the most commonly used two kinds of carbamate pesticide residues rapid test - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA method) and enzyme inhibition electrochemical method. First carbofuran alkali hydrolyzate the furosemide feeding phenol as raw material, the use of a new hapten synthesis pathway synthesized carbofuran hapten: 2,3 - dihydro -2,2 - dimethyl-7 - benzene and furyl nitrophenyl chloroformate (BFNH). Coupling the hapten to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was prepared artificial antigen of BFNH-BSA, the prepared artificial antigen immunized animals, isolated and purified from serum with high titre and high specificity carbofuran polyclonal antibody. The purified antibody titer reached 1.024 × 10 7 , the cross-reactivity with 5 structural carbamate pesticides and organophosphorus pesticides were less than 9%. Using this polyclonal antibody Carbofuran ELISA detection technology and the experimental conditions were optimized. The minimum detection limit of 10 -7 mg · mL -1 , the optimal conditions: carbonate buffer for optimum media; 20min optimum reaction time ; less than 10% of the methanol content, the less influence on the immune response. Comparative analysis of two rapid tests export vegetable samples from the same batch of test results shows test results of the two methods is consistent: ELISA detection of carbofuran residues exceed 0.5mg · kg -1 samples 10 cases, the detection rate of 5%; enzyme inhibition electrochemical detection results on acetylcholinesterase inhibition rate of more than 60% of the samples, seven cases, the detection rate of 3.5%. HPLC method validation results and the test results of two rapid tests are basically consistent, more accurate test results show that the two rapid tests. ELISA and enzyme inhibition electrochemical method for rapid screening of a large number of agricultural organophosphate or carbamate pesticide residues exceeding or not, but has its own advantages and disadvantages in practical applications, if the combination of the two can form complementary advantages, greatly expanded the range of detection of pesticide residues. ELISA method is very suitable for screening large numbers of samples, and the sensitivity of the recovery can meet the testing requirements for easier antibody detection of pesticide residues; available enzyme inhibition electrochemical method for the more difficult by the antibody detection of pesticide residues, Instead, we can see by the results of this study, enzyme inhibition electrochemical detection sensitivity and accuracy with the ELISA method agreement to meet pesticide residue rapid detection requirements.
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