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The Study of Biological Adhesive Used in Pervaporation Composite Membrane for Separation of Aqueous Ethanol Solution

Author: ChenJing
Tutor: JiangZhongYi
School: Tianjin University
Course: Chemical processes
Keywords: dopamine gelatin composite membrane transition layer pervaporation dehydration of aqueous ethanol solution
CLC: TQ223.122
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 74
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Fuel ethanol is a good alternative for non-renewable energy resource such as fossil oil. In the process of ethanol fermentation production, ethanol dehydration has been proved to be a challenge task due to formation of ethanol/water azeotrope. Pervaporation, as a novel liquid mixture separation technology, has outstanding technical advantages and favorable promising application prospects in the dehydration of organic aqueous solutions, due to its low energy cost, environment-benign and unrestraint of vapor-liquid equilibrium.In this study, biological adhesive were used in the preparation of pervaporation composite membrane for controlling the interaction between the support layer and the active layer, and improving the pervaporation abilities.The structure morphology, the physical and chemical properties of the membranes were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, DSC and XPS. The relationships among membrane material, membrane structure and separation performance were discussed.Firstly, a facile method was described to improve the interfacial adhesion of the chitosan (CS)/polyethersulfone (PES) composite membranes mediated by dopamine. A thin adherent polydopamine film was formed through the spontaneous deposition on top of the PES support layer, and acted as a transition layer. The maximal force to separate support layer and active layer of composite membrane was significantly enhanced by about 6 times after the introduction of transition layer, as testified by T type peeling. The effects of dopamine concentration, pH value and dipping time on the pervaporation performance of the resulting composite membranes were investigated in detail. PES support layer was treated with 4mg ml-1 dopamine solution (pH=9.47, dipping time 48h), fully dried and then coated with crosslinked chitosan. The resulting CS active layer was about 10μm thick. The as-prepared CS/PES composite membrane exhibited high pervaporation flux of 2.28kgm?2 h?1 for 90 wt. % aqueous alcohol solution in the feed at 80℃.It could be derived that dopamine mediation would be an effective method for preparing composite membranes with stable structural and high pervaporation flux. However, this method could make the preparation process more complicated. Because of the good film-forming property and hydrophilic nature, gelatin has been utilized acted as transition layer as well as active layer. The composite membrane, with gelatin crosslinked by glutaraldehyde as active layer and polyacrylonitrile(PAN) as support layer, has good performance and facile preparation. The thickness and the compact degree could be adjusted by changing the concentration and crosslinking degree of gelatin during the preparation. The thickness of the active layer tested by SEM was about 1μm. The support layer and active layer combined tightly. The free volume properties of gelatin-GA crosslinked membranes were tested by the PALS. Suitable free volume properties and high hydrophilicity of the active layer resulted in favorable pervaporation ability of composite membrane. When the concentration and crosslinking degree of gelatin were 2 mg ml-1 and 2.5% respectively, the PAN-gelatin(2%)-GA(2.5%) composite membrane exhibited the separation performance with a permeation flux of 1.08kgm-2h-1 and a separation factor of 298 at 80oC for 90wt% aqueous ethanol solution, keeping feed flow rate 60L h-1, downstream pressure under 0.1kPa.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Chemical Industry > Basic Organic Chemistry Industry > The production of aliphatic compounds ( acyclic compounds) > Aliphatic alcohols (alcohols, hydroxy compounds) and its derivatives > Aliphatic alcohol > Fatty Alcohols > Ethanol ( alcohol )
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