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Located at the northern part of Jiangxi Province, Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Region is China’s ecological economic demonstration zone currently being formed and constructed. It covers a total of 38 counties (cities, districts), including 3 cities as Nanchang, Jingdezhen, and Yingtan, and some counties of Jiujiang, Xinyu, Fuzhou, Yichun, Shangrao, and Ji’an Cities, as well as all the lakes of Poyang Lake, taking the land area of 51,200 square kilometers, accounting for 30.65% of the total land area of Jiangxi Province. At the end of 2010, the total population of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic 2046.94 million rural population 1191.6 million, accounting for the total population of 58.21%. Farmers are Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone as an important force, and strengthen human resources training and development in rural areas is to increase farmers’income, and building a socialist new countryside, accelerate the development of modern agriculture to achieve rapid rise in the central region of Jiangxi only way.In this paper, the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in rural human resources development and the relationship between the income of the farmers the main line, the first human resources development in rural areas and farmers’income, a general theoretical analysis. Secondly, the statistics of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone 1990-2010 data, through the establishment of Cobb-Douglas model, investment in human capital in rural areas the impact of income for farmers empirical analysis. Again, through the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone 10 counties of the survey to learn about and analyze the state of human resource development in rural areas and problems of the status quo, the establishment of Mincer model analysis of farmers’investment in human capital of their workers income. Finally, the combination of the above analysis raises the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in rural human resources development, policy proposals to promote farmers’income.
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