|
Ginseng bud Department acquisition the Araliaceae (Araliaceae) plant ginseng (Panax Ginseng CA Meyer) growth the bud, ginseng was born more than four years of red pine dominated mixed conifer or hardwood, located in the territory of China, North Korea, Russia . Of wild and cultivated ginseng region covering the northern part of the mountain in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang and Hebei. The study showed that the main component of ginseng volatile oil sesquiterpenes, aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with anti-inflammatory, antitussive, anti-fatigue, anti-tumor effect. Few studies about the the ginseng flower volatile components research at home and abroad, basic domestic reported seen in the early 1990s, due to the limitations of the experimental conditions, the volatile components of ginseng flower also not comprehensive enough, it is necessary to take advantage of modern technology its conduct in-depth research. In this paper, the traditional steam distillation and supercritical CO2 extraction method of the modern ginseng flower volatile oil the optimization of the process by a single factor to determine the optimum water vapor extraction ginseng flower: crush size through a 10 mesh sieve, solid-liquid ratio of 1:8, the extraction time is 8 hours, the recovery rate was 0.184%; supercritical CO2 extraction by orthogonal experiment the best conditions for the extraction pressure 30MPa, extraction temperature 50 ° C, extraction time 2 h, the recovery rate was 2.15%. Were analyzed and identified by GC-MS of the volatile components in the supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) extraction ginseng flower for the first time, combined with volatile oil extraction analysis of the traditional method of steam distillation (SD), both components compared. The two methods were identified 67 species and 20 components, respectively, accounting for 89.67% and 61.84% of the total effluent peak area of ??the volatile oil. Ginseng extract flower water vapor content of more than 1% of the total of 11 ginseng flower volatile oil component, all of terpene; SFE extraction effluent ginseng flower volatile oil content of more than 1% of the nine compounds. The use of acid-catalyzed method combined with GC-MS analysis and identified 13 kinds of fatty acids containing ginseng flower, mainly linoleic acid, n-methyl - pentadecanoic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid. The experimental results show that ginseng flower is rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Identified the unsaturated fatty acids there are three kinds, namely linoleic acid, linolenic acid, hexadecenoic acid. Unsaturated total fatty acid content of 58.62% of the total effluent from the peak area. HS-SPME-GC-MS hyphenated technique for the first time to the analysis of the volatile components in the ginseng flower, experiments to optimize the conditions for analysis ginseng flower volatile components samples for 30 min at 70 ℃ 65μm polydimethyl dimethylsiloxane - divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB) fiber head of the ginseng flower sample headspace adsorption 45 min, in the 250 ℃ desorption 5 min, and then were separated and identified by GC-MS desorption objects were identified. 38 kinds of components, the relative content of more than 1% of the total of eight kinds of ginseng extract and SD flower volatile oil component the same components have 23 kinds of main component extracted by the two methods are basically the same, by the SPME method accuracy and precision degree of inspection, proved that the method is reliable and, to some extent, can replace the SD method for rapid qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis. Static headspace - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) were isolated and identified the volatile components of ginseng flower, the experiments to optimize the SHS the extraction conditions, balance 40min after locking gas needle precision at 80 ℃ extract 10ml ginseng flower powder headspace air, were separated and identified by GC-MS, and 18 kinds of volatile components were identified, accounting for 50.3% of the total the chromatographic total effluents area of ??the. Comprehensive identified SD, SFE, SPME and HS four extraction methods to extract ginseng flower volatile oil components of a total of 103 species have been reported in the literature, for the first time from ginseng volatile oil compounds detected a total of 58 kinds. Phase of modern mass spectrometry metabolomics method filter out a significant change ginseng volatile oil caused by rat urine biomarkers, respectively, for C16 H34 N4 O3, C14 H32 N6 O5 C38 H74 N10 O17. Heat syndrome markers found to play an important role in finding ginseng cause \Ginseng flower volatile oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction, antioxidant activity tests derived the ginseng flower volatile oil with a certain amount of free radical scavenging ability, sample concentration in 1mg/ml ~ 1.8ml/ml range, the concentration of anti-oxidants basic linear relationship with DPPH clearance between the experimental data further to find out the the ginseng flower active site and the development and utilization of the resources to lay the foundation.
|