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The Correlative Research on Educational Equalization of Urban-rural and Non-agricultural Employment

Author: WangHui
Tutor: WangChaoMing
School: Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Course: Political Economics
Keywords: educational equalization non-agricultural employment urban-rural disparity
CLC: F249.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 221
Quote: 1
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Abstract


For a long time, three agriculture problems have always been difficult ones in modernization process and harmonious development of economic society, the nuclear of "the three agriculture problems" is the farmer problem. However, our long-standing contradiction between people and land has restricted the ability of obtaining employment in agriculture. Under the market economy condition, the way to achieve survival and development of farmers is market-oriented employment. Therefore we will energetically carry out non-agricultural employment, promote rural economic development, and realize urban and rural harmonious.During the process from a traditional agricultural society to a modern social transformation, there will be a large number of farmers transferred to non-agricultural industries. However, the residents in rural areas and urban areas have had unequal rights in human capital investment in many fields such as education and training, resulting to a serious shortage of stock in rural human capital.This article combines the normal analysis and empirical analysis. The basic idea is as follows:the author first analyzes China’s educational status of urban-rural gap and the reasons led to this phenomenon, then probe the relationship between educational equalization and non-agricultural employment, and put forward the equalization suggestions in the end.Under the above idea, this article has 5 chapters, which are organized as follows.The introduction mainly introduces this subject’s source, the main definitions and the organization .chapter 1 is the "literature reviews", which includes the literatures on human capital, employment theory, dual structure and educational economics.Chapter 2 is "the evolution of the education system and cause analysis", which is the real foundation of this study. This chapter reviews the changes in the course of China’s educational system, describes the current status of urban-rural disparity in education. Since reform and opening, rural education has undergone considerable development. However, there was a significant difference between urban and rural areas, and is constantly growing. For this situation are many reasons, not only the dual economic structure factors, but also funding for education input mechanism factors.Chapter 3 is "the theoretical explanation of correlation between educational equalization and non-agricultural employment". This chapter first has assumption that there was a correlation between educational equalization and non-agricultural employment, then discusses the problem from macroscopic level and microscopic level. Based on the data of different provinces in 2007, model completely confirms the assumption previous. Further explanation, this question can be decomposed into "how to interpret that educational equalization will promote human resources development" and "the relationship between human capital and non-agricultural employment".Chapter 4 is "the suggestions". On the basis of the previous text, the author thinks that there are two ways to promote non-agricultural employment.One is overall urban and rural in the education area, another is adjusting industrial structure.Innovations of this article are mainly reflected in the following areas:1. Point out that the meaning of educational equalization, which doesn’t mean everyone is in the same education level.2. Analysis institutional factors that led to wide difference between urban and rural education system.3. The paper metrics differences between urban and rural education to farmers of the impact of non-agricultural employment. Regression analysis showed that the urban-rural gap in education and income gap between urban and rural residents were significantly positively related to the impact of rural-urban income gap between urban and rural labor force, especially the number of negative correlation between quality and contrast, with the proportion of tertiary industry was positive correlation.Shortcomings of this article are: 1. As the data limitations, there is no relevant content analysis of international comparisons.2. The data in this paper were derived from published statistics, which is lack of fact-finding investigation. That may impacts the objectivity of the paper.

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