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Prophets were the far-reaching religious groups in history of Israel. It emerged in the period of the judges,11th century BC, when the Kingdom was newly established. It had gone through two stages:pre-classical prophet period and classical prophet period. Pre-classical prophet period was the production phase of the Israel prophets, and pre-classical prophets emerged this time were under the influence of foreign Prophetic culture. So they had many similarities with the Gentile Prophets. From The mid-8th century BC to the mid-5th century BC, classical prophets acted on Israel history stage when Israel was experiencing internal and external problems, they worried about the fate of the nation, called for the awakening of the entire nation. In fact, classical prophets not only were groups of active social activist, but also groups of outstanding religious thinkers.This article elaborates on the background in which Israel prophets rose up and evolved. Based on this analyze the social activities of prophets, the series of thoughts they raised and their impact on the future generations. There are three chapters in this paper. Chapter one analyses the pre-classical prophets of Israel, including the introduction of prophets and the works of the prophets, the origin and features of pre-classical prophet; second chapter deals with the classical prophets, including the background of the classical prophets’rise, the Prophet’s social situation, the prophet tradition of the Judah kingdom and the Israel kingdom, and the religious, social, ethical thought of classical prophets; third chapter discusses prophet impact on the later of Israel, including the prophet influence on the shaping of Judaism and theological conception of history of Israel.
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