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In this study, line Tacha, morphological observation plots established method of investigation and analysis of the octagonal species (type) of phenotypic diversity, using fluorescent AFLP molecular marker techniques from three places 47 octagonal species (type) and 7 star anise plants species genetic diversity, and molecular markers selected species or types of anise-like strains of 47 morphological markers, the results showed that: 1. octagonal phenotypic diversity rich, flowers, fruit, leaves, divided sticks habits were significantly different. By analysis of variance, leaf length, width, petiole length, thickness, aspect ratio, weight and other seven traits were highly significant differences in the level of small to large coefficient of variation were: leaf thickness lt; petiole length lt; leaf width lt; Aspect ratio lt; leaf length lt; leaf weight lt; leaf area. Octagonal branching habit with hardwood types mainly was 55.6%, followed by flexilis type, accounting for 27.8%. Octagonal color, fruit type there are differences, there are flowers, pink flowers, white and beige flowers in four different colors; fruit has seven kinds of fruit valve number, shape, there are also diverse phenomena. Shoots leaves with red, pink, light green, etc. 3 colors. 2.47 octagonal species (type) 11 phenotypic traits between different materials exhibit different degrees of variation, the average standard deviation of 0.6816, the average coefficient of variation was 23.89%. The coefficient of variation among the largest color (53.28%), leaf thickness smallest coefficient of variation (13.21%). Phenotypic cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance of 22:00, 47 octagonal species (types) were divided into four groups: group 1 with 14 species (type), group 2 with 20 species (types), p. There are three groups of eight varieties (types), Group 4 has five varieties (types). 3 selection of high polymorphism six pairs of primers (PstI / Msel) combination P-GAG/M-CAA, P-GAG/M-CAG, P-GTC/M-CTA, P-GTC/M-CTG, P -GTG/M-CAA, P-GTG/M-CAC on the test material was amplified DNA were obtained from 989 bands were polymorphic with 988 (99.90%), 45 species or variety (type) a characteristic bands. Genetic similarity coefficient from 0.17 to 0.71, with an average similarity coefficient of 0.47. Genetic similarity coefficient 0.33, lanceolatum anise star anise and other seven species were separated with the star anise, divided into Ⅰ class (47 octagonal species or type) and type Ⅱ (7 octagonal species), octagonal most varieties or type together in Group D (44 varieties). However, AFLP markers can not distinguish colors anise leaves, leaf, tree, branching angle, color and fruit and other phenotypic differences. 4.47 anise varieties or types of morphological markers and AFLP markers clustering results are shown C43, C36, C33, C45, C42, C41, C39, C38, C40, C44, C37 clustered into the same groups, C13, C20, C22 , C26, C19, C24, C17, C28, C25, C16, C4, C25 are clustered into the same groups, the similarity of the two methods was 48.94%. Also shows the C10-C11, C1-C8, C34-C47, C46-C35, C31-C32-C30-C29, C3-C14-C15-C27 are closely related, but they belong to different groups or re-formed groups. AFLP markers to C6, C21, C23 distinct from other varieties or types, but morphological markers is considered C6, C21, C23 has kinship with other 17 species or types form a group. The results show that species or type octagonal phenotypic traits relative stability better reflect genotype. AFLP markers to distinguish all tested samples, is octagonal Germplasm Resources identify effective means and methods. Morphological markers used in this study methods octagonal breed or type of classification has high value, but phenotypic cluster analysis has its limitations should be applied molecular markers and morphological markers of genetic diversity combining research anise .
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