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AM fungi mine microbial diversity and the number of Characteristics

Author: XuRiGan
Tutor: BaoYuYing
School: Inner Mongolia University
Course: Botany
Keywords: AM fungi Microbial Coal mining
CLC: S154.3
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 136
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Abstract

Coal mining disturbance of natural ecosystems, Surface Mining direct destruction of surface soil and vegetation, and underground mining will lead to the formation collapse, causing the destruction of soil and vegetation, is bound to affect microbes and function, thereby causing ecosystem structure and function disorders. Soil microbes are important biological components, are also important environmental monitor reflects the state of disturbed ecosystems and affect its vegetation restoration potential. Which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF) is an important higher plant symbiotic fungi, which directly affect the diversity of species and plant nutrient uptake, growth and resilience characteristics, determine the natural ecosystem plant diversity, distribution and productivity, affecting the process of ecological restoration and revegetation. In this paper, different regions of Inner Mongolia Zhungeer open-pit and underground mine life of coal mining as the object of study, coal mining on soil AM fungi, soil microorganisms, soil phosphatase activity and soil physicochemical properties and their correlation. Aims to explore coal production disturbance on grassland ecosystems soil microbial community mechanisms for screening anti-poor and anti-mining disturbance AM fungi research and its application to lay foundation for carrying out land reclamation and revegetation provide a theoretical basis. Specific conclusions are as follows: 1. Mining disturbance of vegetation, showing the extent of damage the mining area gt; transition zone gt; undisturbed area. Open pit mining area of ??vegetation was completely destroyed, large area, and for the underground mining mining area of ??vegetation damaged area is relatively small. Open-pit sampling ground vegetation cover and plant density than underground mining area to open lower. 2 mining disturbance and soil physical and chemical properties of soil phosphatase activity, in which all sorts of places open pit mines undisturbed areas pH, total phosphorus, nitrogen and soil hydrolytic phosphatase activity than the mining areas is high, but the mining area and transition area available phosphorus, total nitrogen and organic matter than the undisturbed area of ??high value. In addition to the hydrolysis of nitrogen, with each component were decreased with increasing soil depth. All sorts of underground coal mining area to the undisturbed total phosphorus, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter and soil phosphatase activity than the mining area is high, and with the increase of mining life trend has gradually increased, pH values ??did not change significantly. On the open-pit mining and underground sampling to compare the results show that open-pit sampling to total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total nitrogen and hydrolyzed nitrogen value than the lower ground floor open to sampling, underground opening sampling ratio of organic matter to the transition zone undisturbed a low area, and land in the opposite open pit samples. 3 number of soil bacteria Chief 8-50 × 105 / g, the number of fungi as 0-6 × 102 / g, actinomycetes is 0-16 × 104 / g. Years of coal mining on the type and quantity of microorganisms is not very obvious, but the shortest fish life of mine coal mine soil bacteria and actinomycetes were higher than other coal mines. Most mines (except fish coal mine) soil microbes have shown undisturbed area gt; transition zone gt; mining area, mining coal mining reduces the quantity of microorganisms, the impact of open-pit mining was significantly greater extent than underground mining. In all of the excavation disturbed zone, bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were decreased with soil depth, that soil microbes are in descending order 0-5cm gt; 5-15cm gt; 15-30cm. 4 In this study were isolated from the mine soil AM fungi three genera and 13 species, including sessile sac spp Acaulospora 1 species, Glomus Glomus 11, the shield giant cysts spp Scutellospora1 kind. Has identified 12 species, there are an undetermined species Acaulospora sp.1. Glomus was the dominant genus. Glomus mosseae, G. constrictum, D. versiforme, G. deserticola and other species as the dominant species. AM fungi studied temporal and spatial distribution of changes in six plots of AM fungal spore density U1 gt; U3 gt; U5, S5 gt; S10, S15, AM fungi species richness plots U1 up another plot. The general trend is higher than the value of underground mining open pit mining coal mining area. AM fungi species richness and spore density with changes in soil descending order 5-15cm gt; 0-5cm gt; 15-30cm, AM fungi Shannon - Wiener index ,0-5cm and 5-15cm between The difference is not obvious, but to be more than 15-30cm high. Study area AM fungi species richness, spore density, Shannon - Wiener index showed undisturbed bad area gt; transition zone gt; coal mining area. Mining methods and mine life are different degrees of influence AM fungal diversity, the impact of open-pit mining significantly greater extent than underground mining, mining life longer than the short-term impact significantly. 5 Correlation analysis showed that, AM fungal spore density and mining disturbance was a significant negative correlation (lt; 0.01), and soil depth was a significant negative correlation (lt; 0.05); species richness and mining disturbance was a significant negative correlation ( lt; 0.01), and mining methods, and soil depth was significantly negatively correlated (lt; 0.05); Shannon - Wiener index and the mining method and mining disturbances have a significant negative correlation (lt; 0.05). AM fungi species richness, spore density and Shannon - Wiener index and the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and phosphatase showed a significant positive correlation (lt; 0.01), and the fungi was a significant positive correlation (lt; 0.05). AM fungal spore density and Shannon - Wiener index and soil of each factor correlation is not significant. AM fungi species richness and soil pH was a significant positive correlation (lt; 0.05), and soil organic matter showed a significant negative correlation (lt; 0.05), and other soil factors correlation is not obvious. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes and mine life, open pit mining correlation is not significant, while the mining disturbance, soil depth reached significant negative correlation (Table 4). Phosphatase activity was significantly associated with the mining methods (lt; 0.05), and mining disturbance extremely significant negative correlation (lt; 0.01), and the mine life, soil depth significantly negative correlation. Phosphatase activity, and the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, AM fungi species richness, spore density and Shannon - Wiener index showed a significant positive correlation (lt; 0.01). 6 open pit mining damage and impact on the environment than large underground mining methods, and with the increasing scale mining and the greater the extent of the damage. Environmental vulnerability of the Loess Plateau itself makes coal mining damage to the environment and impact significantly.

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