Dissertation > Excellent graduate degree dissertation topics show

Different cultivation methods maize rhizosphere microbial composition , biomass and activity of

Author: ZhaoGuanCheng
Tutor: LiangJian
School: Shaanxi Normal University
Course: Microbiology
Keywords: Corn Soybean Cultivation methods Rhizosphere Microorganism
CLC: S513
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 91
Quote: 1
Read: Download Dissertation

Abstract

Corn is one of the major crops in the country, and its scientific cultivation and management can effectively reduce input costs, increase productivity and quality, minimize soil environmental pollution caused by fertilizers and pesticides. Production practice shows that different cultivation methods have a large impact on corn yield and quality improved and enhanced. The the corn rhizosphere microbial community characteristics and changes in the growth process, under different cultivation methods for this study will help to promote the mechanism of corn production and improve the quality of in-depth knowledge and understanding of different cultivation methods, corn cultivation and management approach for the further improvement useful to learn the theory and practice of production. In this study, an ordinary single monoculture coating corn and soybean mixed cropping and intercropping four cultivation methods for the study; the dilution plate coating method, the most probable number method (MPN method) and chloroform fumigation extraction - under the capacity analysis Determination different cultivation methods, the corn rhizosphere microorganisms three groups, the major physiological groups and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content characteristics of their corn growth process; respectively corn root soybean root and by mixing equal amounts of corn and soybean root extracts, the processing single for way under maize seedling root zone soil, and measuring and comparing its rhizosphere microbial three groups; 3,5 - dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry glucose standard solution colorimetry, potassium permanganate titration, the phenol sodium colorimetry and benzene disodium phosphate colorimetry were measured corn root zone soil cellulose-decomposing enzyme, invertase, catalase, urease and vitality of alkaline phosphatase in different maize cultivation methods and changes in the growth process. The study results show that: 1. Different cultivation methods, the three major groups of corn root surface and root zone microbial different variation. Compared with the monoculture, mixed cropping, intercropping and plastic film mulching cultivation, the ratio of the number of the the corn root surface and root-zone soil bacteria and actinomycetes were improved, fungi declined. Different cultivation methods, except nitrite bacteria, the corn root surface and root zone microbial physiological groups without apparent regularity changes, the number of bacteria in nitrite are mixed cropping, intercropping and plastic film mulching cultivation (P lt; 0.05). 3 with the control deionized sterile water treatment compared to corn roots, roots of soybean and corn and soybean root equivalent mixed extracts processing corn root zone soil, the total number of microorganisms volume significantly increased (P lt; 0.05), which largest increase; corn soybean root equivalent mixed aqueous extracts of soil microbial three groups for the variables, different growth time corn root, soybean roots, mixed with an equal amount of corn and soybean root extracts deionized sterile water 16 soil samples in the treatment system clustering and principal component analysis (PCA), the results showed that 16 kinds of soil samples can obviously be divided into four categories, three extracts have significantly different effects of rhizosphere microbiology. Cultivation methods such as intercropping, mixed cropping and laminating corn root zone invertase activity has increased, which raise up way intercropping, mixed cropping, followed and Film Mulching least. Cellulose decomposition enzyme activity for the corn root zone, mixed cropping and laminating a certain extent, its vitality, intercropping way to reduce its vitality. Performance of alkaline phosphatase activity of corn root zone is more complicated: mixed cropping to improve seedling stage, jointing and filling stages enzyme vitality, and reduces the vitality of smallpox and physiological maturity enzyme; intercropping to improve maize seedlings The period of each growing season than alkaline phosphatase activity; film only increased alkaline phosphatase activity of corn jointing stage, but were lower in the other growing season the enzyme activity. Corn root zone urine enzyme activity in mixed cropping, intercropping and covered three ways are improved, the next at least to improve highest intercropping followed by laminating the way to mixed cropping way; coating on corn maturity urine enzyme activity the improvement effect is remarkable. The corn root area increased catalase activity in mixed cropping way, decreased in intercropping and laminating. Mixed cropping, the coating and intercropping way promoting improved corn root zone soil MBC, the biggest role intercropped with the way film followed, the intercropping minimum; corn root zone MBC content at the seedling stage three planting mode and from seedling stage began to decline, the mature stage and increased. These results suggest that the three corn coating, mixed cropping and intercropping cultivation methods are to a certain extent affect corn rhizosphere microbial composition, MBC content and soil enzyme activity, which to some extent affected the maize rhizosphere environment, conducive to the growth of corn; same time, the results of this study for the adoption of the related scientific cultivation of crops and management theory draw.

Different cultivation methods maize rhizosphere microbial composition , biomass and activity of

Abstract

Related Dissertations