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Preparation and Capacitance Performance of Carbon Fiber Composites Based on Electrospun PAN Fiber

Author: ZhangXiaoBo
Tutor: ZhangXiaoGang
School: Xinjiang University
Course: Chemistry
Keywords: Electrospinning PAN-based carbon nanofibers Composite matericals Electrode materials Carbon nanotubes
CLC: TQ342.742
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 168
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Due to the good standing ability at high temperature, strong corrosion resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient, high conductivity, high specific surface area, high specific strengthand so on, carbon fiber can serve as an ideal functional material. Compared with other precursor materials （artificial silk fibers, pitch-based fibers）, carbon fiber obtained by ablation of PAN fibre exhibits the best property. Electrospinning technique was commonly used to prepare fibre because it has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, high deposition rateand so on. In this thesis, we used the electrospinning equipment. A large aspect ratio polyacrylonitrile （PAN） fiber and polyacrylonitrile-base composite fibers prepared by electrospinning incorporation with sol-gel method. After heat treatment at a certain temperature, the PAN composite fiber became carbon-based composite fibers, which can be used as the electrode material for supercapacitors and the main research contents are as follows:1. According to electrospinning method, zinc was used for the pore-forming material of the porous carbon nanofibers. SEM and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm tests showed that a large number of holes distribute on the carbon fiber surface with a surface area of 413 m2?g-1. Cyclic voltammetry （CV） and constant current charge-discharge （CP） test results demonstrated that porous carbon nanofibers have a good electrochemical performance.It possessed a specific capacitance of 185 F·g-1 at 1 A·g-1, which is much higher than that of ordinary carbon fibers.2. On the basis of carbon nanofiber, carbon nanofiber （CNF）/transition metal oxides （NiO） composite nanofibers was prepared by electrospinning. Electrochemical data show that CNF/NiO composites nanofiber possess a specific capacitance of 702 F?g-1 at 1.0 A·g-1, and 676 F?g-1 at 2 A·g-1. Furthermore, the capacitance of the composite kept 99% after 1500 cycles at 1 A·g-1. Similarly, the CNF/Co3O4 composite nanofibers shows the formation of a fibrous structure with porous sphere by SEM Its’capacity up to 702 F?g-1 at 0.1 A·g-1. It has been greatly improved compared with carbon fiber, and Its’capacitance to 676 F?g-1 at 2 A·g-1, the capacity retention rate of 62 %. The constant current charge and discharge the capacity retention rate is still maintained at 90% after 1500 cycles.3. It became ternary composite fibers when growth of carbon nanotubes on the basis of CNF/NiO composite nanofibers. Owing to the unique morphology of the ternary composite, the growth of carbon nanotubes for composite materials have a certain increase of specific capacity. The composite nanofibers’capacity increased by 20% when nickel content arrive to 33.47 %.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Chemical Industry > The chemical fiber industry > Synthetic fiber > Special fiber > Carbon fiber to maintain the fiber > Carbon fiber
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