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Political participation is an important indicator of political modernization, is the important contents and significant sign of democratic politics. Since China is a large agricultural country, fanners population accounts for half of China’s total population, farmers’ political participation has a direct impact on China’s political democratization process and plays a vital role in the development of China’s democratic politics. Therefore, the study of farmers’ political participation is of great significance. However, in vast China there are different characteristics in different regions in economic and social development as well as in culture, so the breadth and depth of farmers’ political participation is regionally different. This article is about the study a rural village in Gannan, an old revolutionary base. What is more, it is the first place in the country to engage in the construction of new rural areas. The 5th Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee proposed the requirements of production development, affluent life, civilized style, clean and tidy village, and democratic management. The new rural construction is a major historic task in China’s modernization process. The main body is rural farmers who have played an irreplaceable role in the new rural construction, which includes economic construction and political construction as well. The author analyzes farmers’ political participation through investigation, political and sociological methods, case studies, interviews and observation.In the current new rural construction farmers’ political participation is more rational, orderly, rich in content and more concerned about practical issues, increasingly aware of the main role, and significantly enthusiastic. However, in participation process, some problems still exist, such as the imbalanced ability among the villagers, strong conformity and less independent sense, lower level of organization, political apathy and utilitarianism. To solve these problems, we should continue to enhance farmers’ sense of autonomy, participation awareness, to promote and guarantee farmers’ political participation, have a correct understanding of farmers’ role, promote economic development, reinforce material foundation for farmers’ political participation, respect and protect the interests, improve their political participation activeness, cultivate civic culture; increase their level of self-organization, enhance farmers’ overall strength in political participation, learn from foreign experience, and promote the orderly development of farmers’ political participation.
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