|
China’s soybean imports enters a period of rapid growth since 1996, years after that,China complete its transformation from a soybean self- sufficiency country into the biggest importer of soybean. This thesis analyses the international competitiveness of China’s soybean mainly based on the theory of national competitive advantage by Michal Porter, and try to find a way to improve the international competitive situation of China’s soybean.This thesis has made a study of the international competitiveness of China’s Soybean through three indexes:the international market share, the domestic market share, and trade competitiveness index, all three indexes show that China’s Soybean is not competitive. China exports a small amount of soybean, and badly dependent on importing soybeans in order to satisfy the huge domestic demand, China’s soybean industry is weak.A data analysis about China’s soybean industry shows that there are two main problems which impede the industry to achieve a better result. First, the yield is low (about 40 percent lower than other soybean producer like America, Argentina and Brazil), and the production growth is slow. For the second, China import a huge amount of soybean each year, but the soybean produced by China itself is unsalable. In the forth chapter, this thesis made a comprehensive analysis of China’s soybean industry, and finally find the answer of these two questions. China deserve a low yield for two reasons, first, China fall behind at soybean breeding and other farming technology, for the second, China’s farmer does not have much land,they operate in small scale, it usually take a long time for the high-quality breed and advanced farming technology to spread out. China import lots of soybean each year because the domestic demand is huge. Compared with the transgenic soybean, China’s soybean does not cost more only, but also produce less oil, so soybean processing companies which consume the most soybeans prefer to use the transgenic soybean importing from other countries, that’s why the soybean produced by China is unsalable. Although China’s soybean industry is weak, it does have some potential advantages. First, there are security risks about transgenic soybean, so the non-transgenic quality of Chinese soybean is accepted now, this could be an advantage. For the second, other countries start to eat soybeans, no longer just use it to produce oil and soybean-meal, China’s soybean is more suitable for eat, this could be another advantage. For the last, China is suitable for soybean planting, and near the soybean market of Japan and South Korea.There are several ways to improve the international competitiveness of China’s soybean. First, the yield level should be improved by advanced breeding and farming technology. For the second, farmers should be organized by economic cooperation organizations. For the third, exploit the advantage of non- transgenic quality, expand soybean exports, and control the use of imported transgenic soybean. For the forth, China should avoid direct competition with transgenic soybean by enter the food-use soybean area. For the last, the government should take more positive attitude to help the soybean industry improving its international competitiveness.
|