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Objective: kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma, RCC) is the most common cancer of the urinary system, urinary system cancer ranks first two, only in the United States each year about 50,000 people diagnosed with kidney cancer, kidney cancer more than 12,000 people died. Angiogenesis has been shown that the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors, or recurrence of the key factors, and a variety of tumor angiogenesis and inhibition of angiogenesis promoting factors result of competition between factors. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as a class of multifunctional cytokine mediated through its receptor, during embryonic development, wound healing, immune, and other aspects of the evolution of the tumor has an important role. Many tumors at all stages of disease may exhibit TGF-β expression and function abnormalities. In the kidney TGF-β1 expression in most, therefore, the detection of renal cell carcinoma in vivo expression of TGF-β1 and its changing situation, renal cell carcinoma diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are of great practical significance. Methods: Randomly selected from September 2007 to December 2008 the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Department of Urology hospitalization preoperative renal cell carcinoma in 42 patients, preoperative patients without any treatment and underwent radical resection of the tumor, surgery After 4 weeks in 21 patients and healthy control group 13 cases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum TGF-β1 levels. The results were statistically analyzed. Analysis of peripheral serum TGF-β1 levels and renal cell carcinoma clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients; using flow cytometry (FCM) detected 46 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 16 cases of adjacent tissues, nine cases of normal kidney tissue The expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β1 expression analysis of renal cell carcinoma in patients with clinical pathological features. Result: a serum TGF-β1 expression: (1) preoperative renal TGF-β1 average serum concentrations of 38.63 ± 10.36ng/ml, in healthy control group, the average concentration was 4.33 ± 1.72ng/ml, kidney cancer patients Serum TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher than the control group (P lt; 0.05). The postoperative serum TGF-β1 average concentration of 8.21 ± 2.84ng/ml, postoperative serum TGF-β1 levels were significantly lower than preoperative control group (P lt; 0.05). (2) in 42 cases of kidney cancer patients, tumor ≤ 4cm mean serum TGF-β1 concentration was 37.43 ± 5.39ng/ml, tumor gt; 4cm but ≤ 7cm the average concentration was 38.81 ± 6.18ng/ml; while tumor gt ; 7cm the average concentration was 41.24 ± 9.71ng/ml, three group, the difference was significant, P lt; 0.05. Serum TGF-β1 levels increases with increasing tumor volume. (3) without lymph node metastasis group mean serum TGF-β1 concentration was 41.33 ± 7.15ng/ml, metastasis group, the average concentration level of 29.74 ± 6.42 ng / ml. Both were statistically significant, P lt; 0.05. (4) Phase I clinical stage renal mean concentration of serum TGF-β1 levels of 37.21 ± 4.70ng/ml, II patients average concentration level of 38.86 ± 5.33ng/ml, III patients average concentration level of 39.61 ± 2.46ng / ml, Ⅳ period average concentration of 41.17 ± 3.94ng/ml, there are differences compared with each other, P lt; 0.05, we can see that the level of serum TGF-β1 with tumor stage temperature increased. (5) patients with renal cell average concentration of serum TGF-β1 and tumor histological type, age, gender, no significant correlation. 2 tissue TGF-β1 expression: (1) TGF-β1 in renal cell carcinoma, the positive expression rate of 63.0% (29/46), in the adjacent tissues, the positive expression rate was 87.5% (14/16) In normal kidney tissues, the positive expression rate of 33.3% (3/9) significant difference between the three groups, P lt; 0.01. Pairwise comparisons between cancer and adjacent two groups had significant difference, P lt; 0.01, can be considered in the cancer tissue TGF-β1 was significantly higher than in cancer tissue TGF-β1 expression. Cancer and normal kidney tissues statistical comparisons between the results for the P lt; 0.01, between the two groups had significant difference. (2) renal histological grade I, Ⅱ grade, Ⅲ grade in TGF-β1 positive expression rates were 91.3%, 58.3%, 36.4%, there are differences in pairwise comparisons (P lt; 0.05). According to clinical staging TGF-β1 expression situation is: I 15 cases (71.4%), Ⅱ 10 cases (83.3%), Ⅲ - Ⅳ stage 4 cases (30.7%), (P lt; 0.05). Cava tumor thrombus positive and negative patients with renal TGF-β1 expression rate were 42.8%, 41.0%, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). (3) tissue TGF-β1 expression and tumor size, lymph node metastasis, tissue type, age of onset, and no significant correlation between gender (P gt; 0.05). Conclusions: 1 TGF-β1 in normal human peripheral serum low expression in kidney cancer patients with high expression in peripheral blood, kidney cancer patients after surgery peripheral serum TGF-β1 levels significantly lower than before surgery, suggesting that may be associated with the occurrence of renal cell carcinoma. TGF-β1 may serological markers of kidney cancer, clinically detected changes in the level, can make a valuable assessment of the disease. Two levels of serum TGF-β1 levels increased with clinical stage renal changes, serum TGF-β1 can be considered for kidney cancer efficacy testing, monitoring and prognosis of the disease has important reference value. Dynamic observation of kidney cancer patients with serum TGF-β1 levels may contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the state of malignant tumors and correctly evaluate the thoroughness of excision of tumors. 3 renal cell carcinoma and adjacent tissues TGF-β1 expression were significantly stronger than normal renal tissue. While TGF-β1 expression rate with renal pathological grade and clinical stage rises significantly decreased, to a certain extent, reflects the progress with kidney cancer and prognosis. 4 TGF-β1 in renal cell carcinoma serum and tissues with the patient's age, sex, tumor cell type. 5 combined ELISA and flow cytometry in patients with renal cell serum and tissue levels of TGF-β1, the method is simple and can be used as a new kidney cancer clinical research methods. Possible for kidney cancer diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression and prognosis of guiding significance.
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