|
The Chinese mitten (commonly known crab) is endemic to China's aquatic treasures, famous for bulk products in our aquatic famous. The crab artificial breeding technology breakthrough, and promote the development and promotion of various forms of farming techniques, and driven by a crab and artificial bait development and production. Feed the material basis of the aquaculture industry, and nutritional needs and nutritional physiology research, and is the basis of progress in the feed industry. Compared with fish, shrimp and other aquatic animals, crab nutrition research is lagging behind, especially vitamins, trace elements and other more lack. The purpose of this paper is to study the analysis of Chinese mitten crab fat-soluble vitamins A, D 3 and the K 3 nutritional needs. Chinese mitten crab vitamin A nutrition in indoor conditions studied Chinese mitten crab suitability of vitamin A requirements. Semi-purified diet were added to the basal diet 0,5000,10000,20000,40000,80000,160000 and 320000IU/Kg vitamin A, 8 kinds of nitrogen, feeding an average weight of 1.54 ± 0.45g young The Crab 10 weeks. The results show that, with vitamin A to add the amount of improvement in the feed, the crab weight gain and specific growth rises at first and then decreased when the amount of Vitamin A 80000 IU / kg, the crab weight gain and specific growth the highest rates of 82.23% and 0.86%, respectively; reduce feed efficiency increased with increasing the amount of dietary vitamin A added first, when the dosage 40000 IU / kg when the highest feed efficiency; the feed in vitamin A dosage 320000IU / kg, the the crab body crude fat content of the highest and hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher than the other test group (P <0.05); With vitamin A to add the amount of the increased feed at a certain level and fluctuations then decreased at a lower level fluctuations; fed with different vitamin A to add the amount of feed did not significantly affect the vitamin A content of the Chinese mitten crab in the eyes. Tip: feed add the right amount of vitamin A, can promote the growth of the Chinese mitten crab, lower feed conversion ratio, and non-specific immunity can be improved to some extent. Broken-line model analyzes the Chinese mitten crab and 69740-70770IU/kg appropriate vitamin A requirements. Vitamin A mitten crab compound eye tissue structure and ultrastructure use tissue slice technology and transmission electron microscopy to study the amount of vitamin A to add the feed mitten crab compound eye tissue structure and ultrastructure. The histological sections results show to feed different vitamin A added amount is not a significant impact on the organizational structure of the Chinese mitten crab compound eyes. Transmission electron microscopy results showed that dietary vitamin A deficiency (0IU/kg) lead to the small retinal cells pigment granules color fades even cracking the important role of the pigment granules Chinese mitten visual function; polycystic body by numerous vesicles capsule surrounded by lamellar bodies are secondary lysosomes, add vitamin A the excess (320000IU/kg), around the rhabdom increase in the number of cytoplasmic small vesicles and lamellar bodies, and found that more than thylakoid rupture phenomenon. The Chinese mitten crab nutritional vitamin D 3 studied under laboratory conditions the suitability requirements of the Chinese mitten crab vitamin D 3 . Semi-purified diet 0,400,2000,10000,50000,100000 and 200000 IU / Kg vitamin D 3 basal diet were added get seven kinds nitrogen, etc., average weight fed 1.45 ± 0.11g crab nine weeks. The results showed that the growth and survival of juvenile crabs and feed vitamin D 3 Add nothing to do; crude fat content of the crab body along with vitamin D 3 add the amount of the increase in feed decreased, the total lipid content in the hepatopancreas also showed a similar trend; crude ash as dietary vitamin D 3 Add rise gradually increase; feed to add the right amount of vitamin D < sub> 3 can promote the deposition of calcium in the body, dietary vitamin D 3 dosage 50000-200000IU/kg, the Chinese mitten crab body calcium content was significantly higher than vitamin dosage the each treated 0-400IU/kg with dietary vitamin D 3 add the amount of the increase; Chinese mitten crab serum inorganic phosphorus concentration showing the first rise and then decline trend. Tip: feed add the right amount of vitamin D 3 , can promote the accumulation of minerals, including calcium, including the Chinese mitten crab body, increase the concentration of serum inorganic phosphorus. Broken-line model analyzes, the mitten crab crab of vitamin D 3 suitable requirements 90139.40IU/Kg. The Chinese mitten crab of vitamin K 3 nutrition needs to be studied under laboratory conditions the appropriate requirements of the Chinese mitten crab vitamin K 3 . Semi-purified diet were added in the basal diet 0,5,10,20,40,80 and 160 mg / Kg of vitamin K 3 , made seven kinds nitrogen, etc., feeding on average The body weight of 1.50 ± 0.13g crab nine weeks. The results showed that dietary vitamin K 3 add the amount of the raise, the first rise of the crab weight gain and specific growth decreased when the feed vitamin K 3 dosage 10mg/kg the crab weight gain and specific growth rate maximum, respectively, 64.50% and 0.79% / d; vitamin K 3 Chinese mitten calcium and phosphorus metabolism is not body calcium, phosphorus content, and serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations were not significantly affected dietary vitamin K 3 addition amount of the impact, but the alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum with the dietary vitamin K 3 add the amount of the increase, showing a trend first and then decreased when dietary vitamin K 3 additive amount of 80mg/kg reached the maximum; feeding does not add vitamin K 3 feed the the Chinese mitten blood coagulation time was significantly higher than the other groups, feed Add vitamin K 3 each experimental group there was no significant difference (P> 0.05 ). Tip: feed add the right amount of vitamin K 3 , can promote the growth of the Chinese mitten crab, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and maintain the hemolymph of normal clotting time. Broken-line model analyzes the Chinese mitten crab on vitamin K 3 optimal requirements for 16.54mg/kg-16.93mg/kg.
|