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Determination of Digestibility of Selected Protein Sources and Evaluation of Feed Formulation Based on Their Availability for Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei

Author: LiuXiangHe
Tutor: YeJiDan
School: Jimei University
Course: Aquaculture
Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei In vitro digestibility Enzymatic dynamics Apparent digestibility Growth performance Digestive enzymes Non-specific immune Peanut meal
CLC: S963
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 97
Quote: 1
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Abstract

In this paper, Litopenaeus vannamei (Litopeaneus vannamei) vitro digestion method and digestion in vivo studies on the digestibility of different protein material were used as experimental animals,. Formulated a different proportion of fish meal to add protein digestibility of raw materials, but digestible crude protein and digestible amino acids the same feed, and feeding trials by measuring growth performance, feed apparent digestibility and digestive enzyme activities and blood biochemical indicators to evaluate the effect of five kinds of feed fed, to explore the feasibility of digestible protein and digestible amino acids designed feed formula-based. In addition, the test also explored peanut meal replacement of fish meal feeding effect Litopenaeus vannamei. Test: in vitro digestion method to study the the shrimp Litopenaeus stomach, midgut gland and intestinal crude enzyme solution in vitro digestibility of fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and peanut meal and enzymatic dynamics. The results show that: Litopenaeus vannamei different digest parts of dry matter digestibility order: stomach gt; midgut gland gt; gut, and significantly higher than the midgut gland and intestinal digestibility of fish meal in the stomach (P lt; 0.05), peanut meal in the intestine digestibility was significantly lower than that of the stomach and the midgut gland (P lt; 0.05); order of the size of the protein digestibility: midgut gland gt; stomach gt; intestinal and vegetables meal and peanut meal in the intestine digestibility was significantly lower than that of the stomach and the midgut gland (P lt; 0.05), significantly lower than the digestibility of fishmeal in the gut and stomach midgut gland (P lt; 0.05); crude enzyme solution four kinds of raw materials dry matter digestibility level of order: soybean meal 50.78%, 42.02% rapeseed meal, peanut meal, 39.67%, 36.50% fishmeal; the level of crude protein digestibility: peanut meal, 60.40%, 56.45% soybean meal, fishmeal 46.28%, 43.28% rapeseed meal. 0 ~ 4 h, the liquid enzymatic hydrolysis of the crude enzyme protein material, the amount of amino acids generated an increasing trend; different parts enzymatic digestion generated total amino acids, the level of the order of the midgut gland (96.72 mg) gt; stomach (31.28 mg) gt; intestinal (27.58 mg); amino acid formation rate in the order of different protein material digestion peanut meal (3.9154 mg / h) gt; fishmeal (3.4774 mg / h) gt; soybean meal (2.8316 mg / h) gt; rapeseed meal (2.7404 mg / h). Test: Select 12 common protein feed ingredients, according to 70% of the basic feed 30% of the test material (blood meal by 85% to 15%) of the principle formulated feed, chromium oxide (Cr2O3) as an exogenous indicator measured where shrimp (4.45 ± 0.21 g) apparent digestibility of the protein material dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, ash, energy and amino acids. The results show that: the dry matter apparent digestibility of various protein material between 48.61% to 86.98%; crude protein apparent digestibility of between 55.74% to 92.35%; apparent digestibility of crude fat -0.23% to 92.64 %; Ash apparent digestibility of between 60.83% to 96.30%; always apparent digestibility of between 51.11% to 97.27%. Apparent digestibility of total amino acids of fish meal, soybean meal and peanut meal were 90.56%, 92.67% and 90.61%, significantly higher than other protein material (P lt; 0.05); apparent digestibility lowest total amino acids of corn gluten meal, only 59.15%, significantly lower than that of other protein material (P lt; 0.05). The order of 12 protein material apparent digestibility of total amino acids: soybean gt; peanut meal gt; fishmeal gt; chicken powder gt; shrimp head powder gt; feed yeast gt; rapeseed meal gt; meat and bone meal gt; squid visceral powder gt; blood meal gt; cottonseed meal gt; corn gluten meal. Test III: digestible crude protein and amino acid-based design of the level of digestible protein and digestible lysine, methionine and arginine level of the same, but different addition ratio of fish meal 5 Feed Formulation (respectively 30%, 25 %, 20%, 15% and 10%, respectively), the preparation of experimental diets and compare the effect of feed Litopenaeus vannamei fed. The results show that: With the decline in the proportion of fish meal in feed, feed conversion ratio and feeding rate gradually increased protein efficiency, dry matter, crude protein and crude fat apparent digestibility decreased gradually. 10% fishmeal in the feed, shrimp weight gain rate, survival rate, specific growth rate and pepsin activity was significantly lower than the other test group (P lt; 0.05), liver somatic index, serum urea nitrogen and lysozyme activity significantly elevated (P lt; 0.05). Digestible protein and limiting amino acid preparation of feed, the feed can be reduced to 15% the proportion of fish meal add without affecting growth performance, feed utilization and nutritional status of Litopenaeus vannamei. Test: as the fishmeal protein alternative raw materials, formulated six kinds nitrogen fat test feed peanut meal, peanut meal in which the proportion of added 0,7,14,21,28 and 35%, respectively, alternative 0,15 30, 45, 60 and 75% of fish meal protein, and at the same time to do reference feed (RD) in a commercially available Litopenaeus vannamei feed. Diets Cr2O3 as an exogenous indicator for digestibility. The results show that: the peanut meal in feed in the proportion had increased to more than 21%, the weight gain was significantly lower than the control group (P lt; 0.05); the peanut meal proportion had increased to more than 14%, feed efficiency, feed protein efficiency and survival significantly lower than the control group (P lt; 0.05); the peanut meal ratio increased to 35%, the shrimp feeding rate was significantly lower than the control group (P lt; 0.05). Tended to increase the moisture content of the shrimp with the peanut meal increased proportion of added crude protein and ash content of the downward trend, but the crude fat content did not change significantly. Feed dry matter digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and ash added with peanut meal increase in the proportion decreased, the higher the proportion of alternatives, the greater the extent of digestibility decreased. Shrimp pepsin and liver trypsin activity, serum superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity trends and digestibility trend, the opposite trend in ceruloplasmin content . Peanut meal replacement ratio of the shrimp serum lysozyme activity is not significantly affected (P gt; 0.05).

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Aquaculture, fisheries > Aquaculture technology > Aquatic animal feed nutrition
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