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Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH technique for short) is a non-radioactive molecular cytogenetic techniques developed based on existing radioactive in situ hybridization in the late 1980s, compared with the traditional radiolabeled in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization with a safe, fast, high-sensitivity detection signal, the high specificity of hybridization, can display a variety of colors, etc.. FISH technique has been successfully applied to a number of biological materials, including cells, tissue sections, metaphase chromosomes, high-resolution chromosome and an isolated nucleic acid is in cell genetics, tumor biology, gene mapping, gene mapping, gene amplification increase, prenatal diagnosis and mammalian chromosome evolution research has been widely applied. Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary system, the majority of transitional cell carcinoma of genitourinary tumors, the incidence rate of first relapse after surgery. Cystoscopy and cell morphology detection is the diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer, the most important of the two kinds of means. However, the detection sensitivity of the cell morphology, cystoscopy patient pain, it is difficult to accept. Detected in the urine of bladder cancer associated antigen than cell morphology detection sensitivity but low specificity can not be a reliable diagnostic indicators. Objective: To study abroad FISH technique for the diagnosis of bladder cancer more sensitive than urine cytology, specificity of urine cytology equivalent in this kit is no study results report. However, genetic alterations of bladder cancer in the Chinese population but also because of their physique. Habits eating habits and living environment of different Western countries crowd differences. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the people of bladder cancer genetics change information, and to explore whether it can also be used to conduct genetic alterations in the cells in the urine detection, and thus the possibility of early diagnosis of bladder cancer. The purpose of this project is to FISH technology research in the Chinese population, this study for Chinese crowd bladder cancer non-traumatic and non-painful and high specificity. Provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of the highly sensitive method of early diagnosis. Methods: This study used GLPP16/CSP17 (locus-specific probe) probe experiments. Collected 100 cases of fresh urine of bladder cancer patients with suspected synchronization urine cytology and FISH detection of chromosome 17, chromosome 9 p16 locus, calculate the number of cells after detection signal points, the sensitivity of the statistical analysis of FISH , specificity, and bladder cancer and the development of relations. Another collection of fresh urine of 20 healthy people as a control group, FISH detection of chromosome 17, p16 locus abnormal chromosome 9, and calculate the number of cells after detection signal points to the statistics of the corresponding threshold. Results: 100 cases of suspected bladder cancer patients the urine by GLPP16/CSP17 probe FISH detection analysis: positive in 77 cases, negative in 8 cases, 2 cases of false positive and false negative in 11 cases of suspected two cases, sensitivity 87.5%, specificity degree of 80.0%. 100 cases of bladder cancer patients suspected of urine through the urinary cytology results: 48 cases, positive and negative in five cases, false positive and false negative in 30 cases, suspected 16 cases. Sensitivity 61.5%, specificity of 83.3%. FISH detection with urine cytology sensitivity has a very significant difference (X2 = 14.983, P lt; 0.01); between the two on the specificity was no significant difference (X2 = 0.0274, P gt; 0.05); between positive rate has a very significant difference (X2 = 17.941, P lt; 0.01). FISH detection sensitivity was increased with increased bladder cancer grading trend (trend test = 4.66, P lt; 0.05). Conclusion: This study the FISH technology advantages, GLPP16/CSP17 this set of probes, although there are false negative and false positive on the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of bladder cancer, but its high sensitivity and specificity to compensate for urine exfoliated defects the cell checks as well as the existence of cystoscopy, short FISH technology for the Chinese population of bladder cancer to improve early diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer prognosis, a new method.
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