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With the changes in the socio-economic development, the improvement of living standards and the ecological environment, the forest is also gradually deepened. Forests not only can be used in the production of wood products, but also provide a lot of other products and more effective. Non-timber forest products as an important part of the forest products, which includes non-timber forest products including tea, nuts, fruits, flowers, herbs, edible mushrooms, bamboo, and its by-products in the traditional sense of the forest landscape of forest resources and forest ecological products (PAN flag, 2004). Its special importance and potential value of the world is gradually understanding. The authors believe that the non-timber forest products should include the ecology of the forest products, except timber forest all outputs. Now the increasing importance of the ecology of the forest products in the forest products, the introduction of non-timber forest products to make it more complete value measurement system. More objectively reflect the role of non-timber forest products in the economy and society. Shandong Province around the geomorphological characteristics of different forestry development is uneven reality, using stratified random sampling of the four-phase program, household sample survey of the province's traditional non-timber forest products. Based on survey data, a total of 19 kinds of traditional non-timber forest products in Shandong Province. Through the analysis of the survey data, the major categories of traditional non-timber forest products in Shandong Province, the mode of production, the industrial situation. Calculate the value of non-timber forest products in the survey, according to the non-timber forest products prices around the time of the survey, based on combined agricultural population in Shandong Province, deduced that the total value of the traditional non-timber forest products in Shandong Province to 255.73 billion. Then study its actual role in Shandong Province, the industrial scale and development potential. And based on the 1208 peasant family in Shandong Province sample survey, the annual average household total household income of 24,831.1 yuan, non-timber forest products annual average household total household income of 1657.9 yuan, accounting for the average annual total non-timber forest products per household value income ratio of 6.68%, that is 6.68% of the the farmers total annual income derived from forests and forestry. And on the basis of comprehensive research, using conventional methods at home and abroad, the market value method, substitution engineering, protection costs, travel cost method and contingent valuation method, Shandong Province, water conservation, forest protection, the ecological value of the product in the regulation of climate, fixation and O2, landscape and recreation, biodiversity conservation, and other non-timber forest products research of ecological products specific value and the total value. Comprehensive study of traditional non-timber forest products and ecological products both non-timber forest products in Shandong Province, the total value of 154.342 billion yuan, Shandong Province, the traditional non-timber forest products and ecological value ratio of 1:5.04.
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