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Since the Neolithic Age, more than 8000 years of history of the emergence of jade, jade culture has become one of the hallmarks of traditional Chinese culture, and as a watershed in Western culture. 4000-5300 years ago, the Liangzhu Culture in Zhejiang and Jiangsu province unearthed jade reached the pinnacle of the Neolithic period, due to the rarity of the Liangzhu jade, in recent years, the market is flooded with a large number of antique jade, so needed a comprehensive differentiate benign For antique the Liangzhu really ancient. Firstly an overview of the kinds of Liangzhu Culture Jades Unearthed, ornamentation, quantity, ornamentation, as well as to estimate the volume; then identify from the material, shape processing, Qin erosion characteristics of the elemental composition of four aspects of Liangzhu Culture Jade benign Nagisa culture jade identification comprehensive analysis of coupled differential and thus demonstrate the above theory; collect high antique jade again for this material, the material on the market may be used to make imitation and Liangzhu jade material similar a different origin tremolite material from a comparative analysis of two aspects of the nature of the elemental composition of gemology, concluded as follows: 1. according to the Liangzhu today unearthed jade look, summarized the main representatives of the Liangzhu Culture jade type Jade, jade ax, Bi, crown-shaped, trigeminal type device, the cone is six shapes, special shapes such as dagger-shaped jade spoons, jade spinning wheel, jade bird, jade inlay paint cup, Cicadas, jade turtle, jade fish, Yu Huang; common Zhuo system device table decoration: Animal Mask of the man of God (including the complete Animal Mask and simplify the beast pattern), Bird, Volume moire , feathery pattern, dragons, diamond-shaped pattern, wire cutter pattern. 2 as standard sample by anti-Hill, a large burial Dayaoshan medium burial Fuquanshan small zhuangqiao grave burials and other sites on behalf of the tombs, a rough estimate of the Liangzhu Culture Jade volume obtained roughly with jade 36t, and later as the new site of the excavations, and this number will continue to increase. Liangzhu Culture jade material types to tremolite proportion as the highest, followed by serpentine, fluorite, quartzite, turquoise, sericite, agate type, talcs small proportion. Including tremolite can be broadly grouped two categories: one for color is green with yellow tone (archaeologists also called Lake green), fine texture, containing impurities and variegated less. A class of color is dark green - dark green, jade material over the first Tamaryo deep and not pure, containing variegated and impurities are more than the first class jade material, most of the samples of porphyritic structure. Liangzhu period and modern processing tools and methods, resulting in the machining marks left big difference in performance in cutting, drilling, scribing, polishing traces of differences, such as the Liangzhu jade on a double-sided drill step marks on the one side with modern jade diamond spiral marks can distinguish the authenticity. 5. Liangzhu jade most Qin eclipse as \, such as erosion hole erosion pits, erosion ditch the emergence of another appeared on the same pieces of jade the different erosion, which is less antique. In addition, due to the Liangzhu jade is first processed Qin eclipse, and Antique is often the first Qin erosion processing different causes a direct result of the differences in appearance. Previous studies show that the The Liangzhu jade Qin eclipse element content new changes, this is the result of a long time and the replacement of buried soil, groundwater ion, while the antique by strong acids and bases fast immersion formation, does not occur to the replacement of the former, it may destroy the crystalline residue was soaked component of the chemical substances in the soaking. In contrast with the the tremolite appearance on the market, because of its color, Liyang tremolite lighter and pan-gray, gloss and transparency of the poor and accompanied by more fractured, from the good appearance of the Liangzhu jade material distinction. The Green sea tremolite transparency significantly high compared with other origin, Xiuyan tremolite appearance was similar to the Liangzhu jade material. In order to better identify jade material, modern antique jade mineral commonly used today out of tremolite imitation, it is selected in the appearance of the Liangzhu Culture similarities Tamaryo, a few pieces of Xinjiang, Qinghai, Xiu rock jade material, its elemental composition by ICP-MS testing and with Liangzhu zhuangqiao graves of element characteristics and found that there are some differences in the performance of major, trace, and rare earth elements in SiO2, MgO, AI2O3 major elements of difference, Zn, Sr, Cr, Ba trace element content differences, differences between light and heavy rare earth enrichment of elemental composition tests can better distinguish between the Liangzhu materials and antique materials, for the identification of antique provide some theoretical basis.
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