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Background Influenza (flu) is caused by the influenza virus acute respiratory infections, which has a contagious, spread quickly and reach wide features. The diagnosis of influenza should not only based on clinical symptoms and signs, but also need to be confirmed by laboratory testing. Now more commonly used method for the detection of influenza virus are virus isolation, enzyme immunoassay, immunofluorescence and PCR intermittent technologies. Isolation and culture of which virus and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) are considered the gold standard for diagnosis of influenza, but the virus isolation entire process often takes 2-14 days, so the early diagnosis of influenza little help; while IFA detection of viral antigen is a relatively quick and accurate method, because a stable, sensitive, and specific advantages of strong, is widely used, but its drawback is required expensive immunofluorescence microscopy, the staff need to have some experience. Immune colloidal gold technique developed in recent years a new method is simple, fast, accurate and pollution, etc., the technique provides a good technology platform, may be a more convenient detection of influenza virus antigen in a good way . Objective To establish an effective and simple method GICA (GICA) rapid detection of influenza virus infection. And apply this method to the rapid detection of influenza virus infection in patients with respiratory disease antigens, analysis of influenza virus infection patterns and features. Method 1. Detect objects as February 2007 - January respiratory hospitalizations during the 1042 cases of various types of respiratory diseases, the application of GICA nasopharyngeal secretions were detected in patients with influenza virus A, B antigens (FluA, B ), and also as a control method by IFA to verify GICA influenza virus antigen assay sensitivity and specificity. Which GICA assay for influenza virus antigen-positive specimens of 60 cases, and 10 cases of negative specimens simultaneously virus isolation, further confirmed the reliability GICA law. (2) were applied nose, throat swab method and the nasopharynx thin catheter suction method were collected in two different ways nasopharyngeal secretions were detected by GICA Rapid secretion samples of Flu A, B antigens on the results of two different collection methods make evaluations. 3 pairs of 1042 cases of various types of respiratory patients GICA Detection Flu A, B antigens to analyze the results, and in different seasons, different gender, age, disease, and whether a consolidated basis in patients with respiratory disease, influenza virus antigen Statistical analysis of the detection rate, find out the rules and characteristics. Results 1. GICA method and IFA assay Flu A, B results in good agreement between the results of two methods showed no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). Viral culture assay method and GICA Flu A, B results meet higher. (2) use of nasal, nasopharyngeal swab method and the method of collection of fine suction catheter in patients with nasopharyngeal secretions rapid detection of Flu A, B, the results are in good agreement, no significant difference between both methods (P gt; 0.05). 3. The first quarter and fourth quarter respectively, and the second and third quarters of the patient's Flu A, B detection rate, two sets of results are significant differences between the first and fourth quarters of Flu A, B detection rate higher than the other two quarters. Male and female patients between Flu A, B positive rate was no significant difference between the results. Patients over 65 years old and below group FluA, B positive rate difference was statistically significant, elderly patients (≥ 65 years) Flu A, B detection rate. Patients with no underlying diseases combined kind two kinds of patients and more than three basis Flu A, B detection rate, the difference was statistically significant, shows that with the increase in species combined underlying diseases, Flu A, B positive detection rate increased. Various diseases in acute exacerbation of COPD group (18.7%) and pneumonia group (17.4%) Flu A antigen detection rate compared with other diseases is high. Conclusions: 1 GICA method for rapid detection of patients with nasopharyngeal secretions Flu A, B antigens, simple operation, convenient, fast, specificity, sensitivity were higher in patients in the clinical detection of influenza virus infection has better application value. (2) with the nose, throat swab method derived reliable than nasopharynx thin catheter suction method is more efficient and convenient. 3 respiratory ward hospitalized patients throughout the year there are sporadic cases of influenza, the first and fourth quarters common. Elderly patients and patients with underlying diseases have greater risk of infection of influenza virus in acute exacerbation of COPD and pneumonia patients in the Flu A higher detection rate.
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