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The Application of Catalyst and Accessory Ingredient in Catalytic Cracking

Author: FuYuSheng
Tutor: ZhengLiQiang
School: Shandong University
Course: Analytical Chemistry
Keywords: Catalytic cracking Catalyst Additives
CLC: TE624.41
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 266
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Abstract


FCC indispensable means of one of the petroleum refining process , the heavy oil processing , in the role of the catalyst and heat the heavy oil cracking reactions take place , into the process of the cracked gas , gasoline, and diesel, etc. . The raw materials used in the distillation of crude oil or other petroleum refining process from the heavy distillate . Into coke during the reaction due to the non-volatile like carbon material is deposited on the catalyst , the condensation , the catalyst activity decreased, the need to use air to burn off in order to restore the catalytic activity required for the cracking reaction and to provide heat . The main component of the catalyst is aluminum silicate, the catalytic effect is one of the acidic active centers . FCC is the carbenium ion mechanism , catalysts promote cracking, isomerization and aromatization reaction , the cracked products having a higher economic value than the thermal cracking gas more C3 and C4 isomers ; gasoline heterogeneous hydrocarbon diene rarely more aromatics . The main reaction include : ① decomposition of heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons ; the ② isomerization ; ③ hydrogen transfer : ④ aromatization of ; ⑤ condensation , coke reaction . Isomerization and aromatization of the low octane straight chain hydrocarbons into high octane isomers and aromatic hydrocarbons . From 1 % -2 % 10 % -30 % with catalytic additives increasing concentration in the system , additives and catalysts boundaries have become blurred . In recent years , China's rapid economic development has promoted the sharp increase in oil consumption , has also brought serious environmental pollution , due to further reduce the sulfur content of fuel standards require , by 2010 , China will be the full implementation of emission standards equivalent to Euro Ⅲ , as well as requirements to reduce such as refineries nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions , so increasing catalyst and additive requirements , it is necessary to further reduce the sulfur content to increase octane and has propylene maximum capacity . This thesis will focus on research and tracking of new catalysts and additives in the FCCU industrial applications , research different catalyst formulations on product quality and environmental impact , to explore the best catalyst formulation and process operating conditions

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Oil and gas industry > Oil, natural gas processing industry > Petroleum refining > The refining process > Catalytic converter > Catalytic cracking
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