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In this experiment,seeds,stems,leaves and petioles of Monarda didyma ’Praricnacht’ were used as explants for the studies on tissue culture of stem segment and callus.At the same time,the essential oil components of the leaves of Monarda didyrna ’Praricnacht’in vitro and seedling were analysised by GC-MS.An effective way on tissue culture of Monarda didyma would be established,which could procide a theoretical basis on industrial producing of plantet and protection.The main results of experiment were as follows:（1）The study of tissue culture technique and the better medium for various stages are as follows:①Put seeds of Monarda didyma’Praricnacht’ into the germination boxes and germinated,and then sterilized 2 rain with 0.1%HgCl2 and Put them on MS medium,which is the best method to germinate and get no vaccine seedlings. Thegermination rate was 45%,the pollution rate was 10%and mortality was 45%.②Initial cultureMS+6-BA1.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.05 mg·L-1was the best ignition medium,in which the germination rate reach 98.33%and the average shoot length reach 4.23 cm.The bese medium for induction of calluses from leaves,petioles and stems was MS+6-BA3.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.05 mg·L-1+2,4-D0.1 mg·L-1.The induction rate reach 100%.③Multiplication cultureMS+6-BA2.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.01mg·L-1+IBA0.5 mg·L-1was best proliferation medium for stems,in which the multiplication rate was 3.9.The most suitable medium for the proliferation of the callus was MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.1 mg·L-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L-1,the proliferation rate was 81.6%.④Callus differentiation cultureThe most suitable differentiation medium was MS+BA2.0 mg·L-1+TDZ1.0 mg·L-1+zT 0.25 mg·L-1+NAA 0.05 mg·L-1,in which differentiation rate was40%.⑤Stanger seedling and rooting cultureBlack medium（MS）was the best stanger seedling medium.1/2MS + sucrose 30g·L-1+ IBA 0.05mg·L-1was the best rooting medium,in which the rooting rate reach 100%,the average length was 4.16cm and the average numbers was 4.5.⑥TransplantingThe transplant medium in vermiculite,perlite and riversand by 1:1:2 was optimal,in which the survival rate was 92.5%.（2）The study of Essention oil constituents by GC-MS are as follows:seedlings and tissue culture of Monarda didyma ’Praricnacht’were used as the materials,using GC-MS separate 28 kinds of chemical components.The seedling volatile oil identify 25 kinds of chemical composition,and in vitro have indentified 23 spacies.found that there was no significant differences in the chemical composition of its major between seedlings ang in vitro.The major chemical composition were Thymol,γ-terpinen-o - Poly-parachutes,1 - octene -3 - alcohol,2 - methoxy-5 -methyl - Cumene,linalool,4 - carene,3 - Cliff Parker ene,Myrcene.
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