|
The word "he" used in Quan Yuan Sanqu includes two parts on glossary constitution: the single morpheme words and compound words. Based on its lexical category, it could be divided into the function words and the notional words. Its rich illustrative sentence and high frequency appearance indicated that how widely "he" was used in Sanqu of Yuan Dynasty and the whole Yuan Dynasty.Specifically speaking, the illustrative sentences number of verb, preposition and conjunction are most. Among these, the preposition is most and the conjunction’s quantity is slightly inferior. Speaking of the grammatical function, the single morpheme words "he" could act as the subject, the predicate, the object, the adverb, the complement. The compound words mainly concentrates in noun, verb, adjective and act as the subject, the predicate, the object, the attribute, the adverb, the complement and center predicate. According to the structural relation, the compound words can be summarized to five kinds: union-like type, modifying disyllabic type, subjects and predicates type, verb object type, supplement type. These "he" have four kinds of pronunciation form:"hè","hé","huò","huó".The "hè","huò","huó"usually belong to the verb, and "hé" the noun and adjective. As for the semantic, "he" is a polysemant itself and it can be applied flexibly. Some compound words are also polysemant which arised from the expands righteousness, analogy righteousness and metonymy righteousness.As a whole, the notional words "he" in Quan Yuan Sanqu have inherited the ancient times words. It manifested the characteristic of written language while the function word "he" especially the conjunction showed the characteristic of oral language. In a word, it hasn’t express the colloquial characteristic of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty. Its colloquial degree is middle in Zaju ,novel and traditional poetry which is in accord with the same feature of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty.Through the above analysis and summary, this article promulgated the language appearance and the language feature of "he" of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty. Meanwhile, it has made beneficial supplementing as well as correcting to "Chinese Big Dictionary" and definited the important value of Quan Yuan Sanqu in Chinese history.
|