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Means the occurrence of nasopharyngeal top and side walls of the nasopharynx cancer, a higher incidence in the Asian population, but also our high incidence of malignant tumors. Onset predominantly male (male: female = 2:1), a good age: 40-49 years old, followed by 30-39 and 50-59, the age of onset than other common head and neck malignancy young pediatric are more common. Now that nasopharyngeal carcinoma and genetic, and environmental factors such as viral infections, in particular in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma occurrence and development are closely related. NPC pathological type mostly differentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, clinical treatment of multiple choice radiotherapy, during radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and / or Chinese medicine, radiotherapy three months there can be residual disease surgery. Although early nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy effective control rate of 85%, but because it can cause oral mucosal dryness, hearing loss and otitis media, trismus, radiation hypothalamus, temporal lobe, and the aftermath of the pituitary gland and other complications , affecting the quality of life of cancer patients, thus limiting radiation therapy in clinical anti-tumor therapeutic applications. With the development of tumor immunology, comprehensive treatment of tumors becoming mainstream, there has been EBV-specific adoptive immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy such as new therapeutic advances. Wherein the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer patients is a pointer to a transshipment antitumor activity of immune cells, stimulate the body directly kill tumor or anti-tumor immune response, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment of cancer. This is closely related to tumor cell-mediated immunity. With the development of immunology and increased awareness of the disease mechanisms, it is increasingly found in the human development of the disease is closely related to their immune status, poor immune status is considered to be an important factor in viral carcinogenesis, it is to recognize this domestic and foreign papers reported the use of flow cytometry in peripheral blood of patients with malignant lymphocyte subsets distribution found in peripheral blood CD3 ~ cells in cancer patients, CD4 ~ cells decreased significantly, CD4 ~ / CD8 ~ ratio was significantly decreased , suggesting that patients with malignant cellular immune dysfunction, but the NPC tissues lymphocyte subsets few studies. Currently in medical treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cyclooxygenase -2 (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2) molecular targeted therapy is a research hotspot. COX-2 is arachidonic acid into prostaglandins important rate-limiting enzyme in the process of one of its cell proliferation and differentiation, tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis are closely related. Under normal physiological conditions within most organizations undetectable COX-2, but in cytokines and tumor-promoting agent factors stimulated the expression of COX-2 may be increased. Recent studies have reported that lymphocytes secrete cytokines can upregulate the expression of COX-2, but in nasopharyngeal carcinoma of COX-2 expression and the relationship with lymphocyte subsets reported rarely. Objective: To understand lymphocyte subsets in nasopharyngeal carcinoma characteristics, COX-2 expression and lymphocyte subsets and COX-2 expression, to explore the local immune cancer and COX-2 in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma role for adoptive immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and COX-2 molecular targeted therapy of experimental basis. Materials and Methods: Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University between 2002 and 2007 collected nasopharyngeal archived paraffin blocks 45 cases, 28 cases of undifferentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma; 17 cases of differentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma. 45 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 32 patients with cervical lymph node metastasis. While taking 33 cases of chronic inflammation of nasopharynx cases for comparison. Therefore, samples were re-sections, HE staining, light microscopy, once again clearly pathological diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngeal tissues CD3 ~, CD4 ~, CD8 ~, CD20 ~ and COX-2 expression, and make comparisons between the two, while the COX-2 test results and lymphatic subsets expression correlation analysis. Finally the application SPSS13.0 statistical software, using X2 analysis of the experimental results were analyzed statistically, while the use of Spearman determine its relevance, the difference was significant standard P lt; 0.05. Results: 1. CD3 ~ expression rate: nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 53.34%, of which 13 cases (28.89%), 7 cases (15.56%), 4 cases (8.89%). Nasopharyngitis expression was 81.81%, of which 13 (39.39%), 5 cases (15.15%), 9 cases (27.27%) NPC CD3 positive expression rate than chronic nasopharyngitis group, the difference between the two groups is statistically significance (χ2 = 8.96, P = 0.030). 2. CD4 ~ cells expressing rate: NPC is 20.00%, of which 9 cases (20.00%), others were not expressed. Nasopharyngitis expression was 42.42%, of which 14 (42.42%), others were not expressed. CD4-positive expression rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma than chronic nasopharyngitis group, a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 4.60, P = 0.032). 3. CD8 ~ cells expressing rate: nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 77.77%, of which 24 cases (53.33%), 9 cases (20.00%), 2 cases (4.44%). Nasopharyngitis expression was 78.79%, of which 22 (66.67%), 4 cases (12.12%), 0 cases (0%) positive rates between the two groups showed no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 3.51, P = 0.319 ). 4. CD20 ~ cells expressing rate: nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 48.88%, of which 12 cases (24.44%), 6 cases (13.33%), 5 cases (11.11%). Nasopharyngitis expression was 63.63%, of which 10 (30.30%), 7 cases (21.21%), 4 cases (12.12%). Positive rates between the two groups showed no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 1.89, P = 0.595). 5. COX-2 expression rate: nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 86.67%, of which 20 cases (44.44%), 12 cases (26.67%), 7 cases (15.56%). Nasopharyngitis expression was 93.94%, of which 6 (18.18%), 11 cases (33.33%), 14 cases (42.42%) NPC group COX-2 expression was lower than chronic nasopharyngitis group (χ ~ 2 = 10.31, P = 0.016). 6 nasopharyngeal carcinoma CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, respectively, and COX-2 expression rate between Spearman correlation analysis, including CD4 and COX-2 positive expression rate of correlation between (R = 0.464, P = 0.023), CD3, CD8, CD20 and COX-2 positive expression rate of no correlation between (R = 0.245, P = 0.249; R = -0.102, P = 0.634; R = 0.000, P = 0.998). Conclusions: 1. CD3 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue compared with nasopharyngitis reduced, while CD20 expression was not significantly different between the two, suggesting that patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma nasopharyngeal tissue exists immune dysfunction, mainly cellular immune dysfunction. (2) reduced expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CD3 expression mainly CD4 ~ decreases and CD8 ~ expression did not change significantly, suggesting that CD4 ~ / CD8 ~ ratio decreased to make nasopharyngeal tissue immune function is inhibited. 3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma CD4 and COX-2 expression rate positively correlated, suggesting that CD4 cells can be some way to regulate the expression of COX-2.
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