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Emerge and variation of vocabulary is learnt through the human’s experience, the sense of taste is the physiological instinct reaction in the initial stage of mankind, so the words about the sense of taste emerge in all distinguished languages. The meaning has been very rich from emerge to the term evolution, from the original meaning to the extended meaning, to metaphorical meaning, Vocabulary is always influenced in the process of development by many factors, such as the history and culture in the different regions, ethnic customs and habits, and even the ways of thinking among people, etc. Obviously, the taste words were influenced in the course of experience from a simple description of the taste to host a wealth of meaning; this process has also been a number of factors. The change from lives of people of different nationalities, production methods, geographical, spiritual, emotional, language change is related to their own taste words’the original meaning, the extended meaning, metaphorical meaning.Only can cultures be clear in the collision; while language can reflect the cultural psychology differences in comparison with the others. It can make known the national way of thinking and cognitive processes hidden language through comparison study different languages. In this paper, basic on taste words as the starting point, comparatively analyzed on the taste words in the representative languages of the Altai, Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European language family:Uyghur, Chinese, English; analyzed and interpreted taste words from point of their system, metaphor cognitive, cultural. The aim of writing is which find the hidden differences in food culture, production and lifestyle differences, the spirit of understanding differences, differences in psychological association by comparing words in three languages, and sum up different ways of thinking and cognitive processes among different nationality and the reasons for these differences through comparative analysis of the taste word.The article is divided into four chapters, in the ChapterⅠintroduces the taste words research status in Uighur, Chinese, English, and research methods to be used; in the ChapterⅡ, make a list of the basic taste term as acid, sweet, bitter, salty in the dictionary and related meanings to of common phrases in Uighur language, Chinese and English; As the focus of this paper, in the ChaptersⅢandⅣ, analyze and compare the basic tastes words in Uighur, Chinese, English, includes sour, sweet, bitter, salty, mainly from the cultural meaning and metaphor cognitive perspective, and try to find the roots of the differences in the cultural significance and the metaphor cognitive style, which tastes words in three languages represented. In addition, people in different nationalities create their own lifestyle and habits of language and cultural awareness in the long history, these habits settle down in the language. Because of different in the ethnic groups habits and predict landscape character and color filter effect from language world to reality. Although people of different nationalities live together in the same physical world, there are also some differences in the same taste words.
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