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Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly biomass renewable energy, bio-diesel can reduce human dependence on fossil fuels, and can greatly reduce the pollution caused to the environment. Domestic and foreign production of bio-diesel technology: direct mixing method, micro-emulsification, pyrolysis method, the transesterification reaction and microalgae Engineering method, in which the transesterification reaction is the most widely used research. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods by comparison under laboratory conditions, using alkaline catalytic preparation of biodiesel, palm oil and ethanol sodium hydroxide as catalyst. Investigated in the process of preparing the alcohol-oil molar ratio, the influence of the mass fraction of catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature and stirring speed on the yield. The experimental results show that the optimal reaction conditions are: alcohol-oil molar ratio of 6:1, the amount of catalyst is 0.5% of the mass of the feedstock oil, and the reaction time of 3h, the reaction temperature is 40 ° C., stirring rate of about 1000r/min, in this condition obtained under the biodiesel yield of 96.53%. The obtained biodiesel by gas chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis shows that: The main ingredients of the product, ethyl was not detected in ethanol, the the main carbon content of 18 to 20, similar to petroleum diesel; detection part of the physical and chemical nature of a , in addition to high pour point than the 0 # diesel oil (GB252-2000), and other indicators comply with the requirements of diesel fuel to reconcile biodiesel national standard (GB/T20828-2007). Comparative experimental study of the in-cylinder direct injection diesel engine than a mixture of different blend of biodiesel and diesel fuel, power, economy and emissions. It was found that blended biodiesel will not change the overall trend of the diesel engine performance indicators, just varying degrees of change in value, which is consistent with similar reported in the literature. This shows that the best biodiesel before preparation parameters are basically rational. The characteristics of the gantry experimental results are as follows: (1) outstanding characteristic of the experiment: regardless of the size of the biodiesel proportion of add-doped compared with the 0 # diesel, the maximum output torque of different speeds, the maximum output power has reduced fuel consumption rising, fueled with B20, B50 and B100 and 0 # diesel oil for fuel when compared to the average power decreased by approximately 2.4%, 3.8% and 9.0%, respectively, higher than the fuel consumption of 3.2%, 5.4% and 13.2%; fuel better improvement with B50 and B100 smoke emissions, especially when fueled with B100, compared with the 0 # diesel fuel, smoke declined by about 57.5%; fueled with B50 and B100 when the exhaust temperature is decreased significantly. Of biodiesel, diesel power and economic performance slightly decreased emissions and improved performance. (2) when a load characteristic experiment: at the same speed as the biodiesel blended proportion increases, the ratio of the increased fuel consumption: in 1600r/min rpm, fueled with B20, B50 and B100 0 # diesel fuel with compared to an average fuel consumption respectively, higher than the 1.8%, 6.3% and 13.3%; 2400r/min speed, fuel consumption 1600r/min variation consistent. Of biodiesel and mixed oil smoke and exhaust temperature trends consistent and 0 # diesel fuel, are also close to the value. The stand characteristics experiment: 0 # diesel blended with bio-diesel, power and economy than burning a bit weak; when the load characteristics of biodiesel smoke emission improvement is not obvious. To solve these problems, this paper emulsified biodiesel experiment emulsion experiment Preliminary results: biodiesel -0 # diesel emulsified oil than palm oil -0 # diesel oil emulsion stability, the best HLB value appears in the 6.44 to 8.58 between layered time of about 120h. Found in the study watered on biodiesel -0 # diesel oil emulsion stability: the best watered 5%.
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