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Internet was born 30 years for a significant impact on human social life, has become the most efficient means of obtaining information. The first practical application of the Internet communications protocol version IPv4, has been applied over 30 years, during the performance of the processor, memory size of a typical, Internet backbone link bandwidth have improved thousands or even millions of times, application method and application crowd changed dramatically, but it has its own little changes. With the new mobile communication and multimedia needs of real-time interactive communications with the benefit of increased diversification, IPv4 address space due to their own lack of poor quality of service, configuration complexity, mobility support, and poor security reasons, resulting in many problems. To solve these problems, since the early 1990s, countries around the world, various organizations, operators and experts on the next generation Internet Protocol has been studied, which is IPv6. Relative IPv4 IPv6 has many new features, such as simplifying the IP header format, host address auto-configuration, authentication and encryption, and strong mobile support capabilities, etc., summarized speaking mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the greater length of the address , IPv6 address length is 128, forming a huge address space can imagine for all network devices to provide a globally unique address. Second, mobility, mobile IPv6 through a simple extension of worldwide networks and access technologies to solve the mobility problem between better security protection, and Mobile IPv6 in terms of new features and new services can provide more great flexibility. Third, the built-in security features, the IPSec protocol as necessary to ensure end to end communications network layer integrity and confidentiality. Fourth, improve the quality of service in the new IPv6 header fields added \Fifth, automatic configuration, and stateless and stateful autoconfiguration addresses is greatly simplifies network management workload, but also make it easy to access to the network. In this thesis, starting from the IPv6 architecture, first introduced the basics of IPv6, and IPv6 and IPv4 header format for a detailed comparison; then analyzes the \and RIPng routing protocol. Next, the paper focuses on research of mobile IPv6, Mobile IPv6 introduces the basic concepts, analysis of mobile IPv6 working principle and characteristics, focusing on analysis of the MIPv6 handover technology, the original MIPv6, FMIPv6 and HMIPv6 switching principle and delay performance analyzed, and presents a F-HMIPv6 switching solutions, and MIPV6 security optimization problems are analyzed and studied. Then, the analysis of the IPv4I to IPv6 transition technology to analyze a dual-stack technology, NAT-PT network address / protocol conversion technologies, especially tunneling technique to study the most common hand-configured tunnel, automatic tunnel configuration, 6 over 4, 6 to 4, ISATA such as several types of tunnels. Finally, this paper introduces the research status of IPv6 and application prospects.
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