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Development problems : unemployment transition

Author: LiDeWei
Tutor: ZhangDaJun
School: The Central Party School
Course: Political Economics
Keywords: China's unemployment China in transition Issues Developing Unemployment Treatment Western Unemployment Theories Surplus labor in rural areas Unemployment Unemployment problem The registered urban unemployment rate
CLC: F249.21
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2000
Downloads: 304
Quote: 0
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Abstract

China is a rural population accounts for the vast majority of developing countries. Since 1949, China has been faced with the enormous pressure of the rural surplus labor force. China's rural surplus labor force in the presence of recessive unemployment, this caused a great waste of human resources. From this point, the substance of the employment problem is the employment problems of the rural population, and how the huge problem of rural surplus labor to non-agricultural industries. This is a real problem in the process of industrialization in China, but also to solve the employment problem. It shows that the basic contradictions of modern society is the contradiction between traditional agriculture and industrialization, urbanization and modernization. This contradiction is the source of power, but also of the development of modern society produce roots and foundation of all kinds of social conflicts, it epitomized China's a unique dual economic and social structure. Since the reform and opening up, this dual economic and social structures, although there were a profound change, but to fundamentally eliminate still have to go throughout the primary stage of socialism historic long-term efforts to achieve the goals and tasks. China is an economic system is the transformation of developing countries. Transformation China is transition from a planned economy to a market economy system development is moving from underdevelopment toward modernization. While facing the transformation and development of these two tasks, resulting in China's unemployment problem is particularly complex. Transition period of China's unemployment problem is mainly manifested in two aspects. On the one hand, in the town, the state-owned enterprises has entered a crucial stage, the institutional friction, restructuring, corporate restructuring led to widely exist in the state-owned and collective enterprises Invisible Unemployment Found accelerated pace, laid-off workers is increasing year by year. At the same time, due to a large number of rural surplus labor force to seek migrant employment, resulting in unprecedented pressure on urban employment. On the other hand, in the countryside, hidden unemployment situation further deterioration of rural surplus labor has increased year by year, the employment situation in rural areas is increasingly grim. Different economic system transition countries such as Russia, Eastern Europe, and the transformation of China's economic system has its own characteristics in ownership basis and formally. The essence of the transformation of economic system in Russia, Eastern Europe and other countries are privatized, to achieve the form of \The transformation of China's economic system on the basis of \This determines the special transition unemployment governance issues, this article attempts to make the necessary of the theory of transition in the context of national conditions, unemployment, unemployment governance issues. Chapter unemployment connotation unemployment First is a historical category, is a concomitant of the commodity economy. China's transition period of unemployment sub scientific, standardized definition, the key is to clear unemployment body. The unemployed subjects must meet three conditions: (1) the ability to work; (2), are willing to employment; (3), does not work. The second chapter of the history of China's unemployment situation investigated in this chapter is divided into three parts. The first effects of the unemployment situation in rural China, analyzed the causes of unemployment in rural areas. Followed by the effects of China's urban unemployment, and to analyze the causes of unemployment in urban areas. Finally, in Chapter unemployed defined on the basis of analysis of China's unemployment, outside the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns, three of the unemployment rate, that is: the actual urban unemployment rate, the towns hidden unemployment rate and urban and rural co-ordinate the comprehensive unemployment rate. The former help guide government work and official statistics registered urban unemployment rate to be certain amendments, after both conducive to formulate long-term planning of the unemployed governance. The general theory of unemployment in Chapter This chapter is divided into four parts. First introduced Marxism the classical writers unemployment theory. Next time ask order, sub-classical unemployment theory, a Keynesian unemployment theory, the theory of the monetarist school of unemployment, the latest development of the Western Unemployment Theories four subsections describe the development of the Western Unemployment Theory. Part III describes Western economics theories about the unemployment problem in developing countries. The fourth section describes the theory of Western economics economies in transition, the problem of unemployment. The fourth chapter analyzes the theory of transition unemployment transition economic characteristics and constraints on the theory of unemployment, pointed out the advantages of the particularity of the idler of the initial stage of the country, the requirements of the market economy and the socialist market economy determines the special theory of transition unemployment. On this basis, it is pointed out that the long-term non-full-employment equilibrium theory is realistic theoretical choice for China to solve the unemployment problem of the transition. Chapter discussion of unemployment governance issues in China and Countermeasures clear that the special circumstances of the transition, the center of gravity of the unemployment governance in China can only be decided governance of the city barium unemployment. Unemployment governance process City barium, must vigorously promote the development of rural economy, to maximize absorptive capacity of agricultural and non-agricultural industries of the rural labor force, to reduce the impact of the surplus rural labor to urban employment. In this sense, the rural unemployment governance is to do a good job in the urban unemployed governance key link. During the transition period, the rural employment population into employment areas is unrealistic, but will be part of the surplus rural labor into employment areas is an inevitable requirement for the development of the socialist market economy, Du only really establish a unified labor market in order to optimization of labor resources with beans. The establishment of a unified labor market is the fundamental direction of the coordinate urban and rural employment relationship. From the enterprise security towards social security, to establish social finished beast unemployment security system, is the protection of the transition unemployment governance. China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), the situation is becoming increasingly clear, both unemployment governance challenges and opportunities in transition. Facing the international and domestic markets, how to calmly deal with the international economic situation, after joining the WTO, to attract foreign investment, the expansion of employment is a common issue faced by the various sectors.

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