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Decommissioning of nuclear facilities on-site survey source calibration using HPGe γ spectrometer technology research

Author: SongLiJun
Tutor: XiaoXueFu
School: China Institute of Atomic Energy
Course: Radiation protection and environmental protection
Keywords: Decommissioning site HPGe spectrometer Collimation measurement MC simulations Calibration factor
CLC: TL817.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2005
Downloads: 254
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Of 50-70 years for the cause of national defense military nuclear facilities have been built into the decommissioning phase. To make these decommissioning of nuclear facilities to achieve a reasonable and optimization, we are required to make good understanding and knowledge of radioactive nuclear facilities within the state, which requires initial characteristics of nuclear facilities survey. It is the most important preparatory stage decommissioning and complex work for the development of decommissioning programs and provide a basis for estimating decommissioning funds. Source survey estimates generally use technology and experimental methods of measurement, these two methods are often used in combination with each other, complement each other verification. Experimental measurement method as conventional destructive sampling and analysis workload and the secondary pollution problems there are some limitations. In this thesis, using non-destructive γ spectrum measurement and analysis techniques for source survey, the use of appropriately collimated HPGe γ spectrometer, using MC simulation method to determine the source of the peak detector efficiency calibration factor of the nuclear facilities in order to Radionuclide site contamination and rapid qualitative analysis quantitative measurements. To test determined via MC simulations collimated HPGe γ spectrometer calibration factor in the decommissioning of nuclear facilities in the availability of field measurements, this thesis uses a three-point source ( 152 Eu, 137 < / sup> Cs and 60 Co) in the case of lead-free collimation the MC theoretical calculation carried out experimental verification, thereby determining the HPGe γ spectrometer detector structure parameters, the theoretical and experimental values values ??match within ± 8%. The paper also examines the HPGe γ spectrometer experiment in the use of multi-block case lead collimator collimation effect, and the theoretical (MC simulations) calculated results and the experimental values ??agree within ± 29%; decommissioned site in order to emulate Pollution pipe (outer) surface evenly pollution, made three sources and the outer surface of the inner surface of two sources (uniform distribution 241 Am, 137 Cs and 60 Co), for different pipe thickness calculated theoretically absorbed (MC simulations) and experimental measurements, the results agree within ± 10%; another non-destructive γ spectrum to test the technical feasibility of quantitative measurement, the paper Nuclear Industry Geological Exploration uniformly radioactive phantom metering station, put the barrel of the waste water treatment, the standard radioactive sample (φ7.5 × 5cm) and the uneven distribution of the radioactive source detection efficiency of the body were carried out MC simulations and experimental measurements, calculations good agreement with experimental results. Meanwhile papers for all measured and calculated results are uncertainty estimates. These results indicate that this set of collimation of the HPGe γ potential in the decommissioning field instrument system using non-destructive qualitative and quantitative (activity, specific activity) analysis is feasible. Which this paper has the following characteristics: ① using simple point source calibration and MC simulation experiments to determine the fine structure of the crystal detector parameters. ② The MCNP4B software obtained through MC simulations collimating the decommissioning of HPGE γ spectrometer variety of geometric shapes within the site, radionuclide contamination of multiple distributed components calibration factor.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Nuclear technology > Particle detection,radiation detection and nuclear instrumentation > Radiation detection technology and instrumentation > Spectrometer > alpha , beta , gamma spectrometer
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