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This paper is aimed to study Man-land Relation , especially to study the Ningxia Plain’s Man-land Relation System.Firstly, by probing into the historical development process of Ningxia Plain’s Man-land Relation System from AC 1376 to AC 2000, build the frame of reference with time and impact factors to analysis, such as population, farmland, irrigation and drainage system, output of foodstuff, hamlet and residences, output and input of the system, etc.Secondly, described the Ningxia Plain’s Man-land Relation system as three categories as : military farming-station and defense system, classical agricultural develop model system and region modernization system. The military farming-station and defense system contains two sub-categories , including Ming dynasty’s military farming and defense system(AC 1376-1644) and Minguo’s separating region system(1912-1948); this system type show out some characteristics as extensive cultivation, low rate of output, approgressively degrading ecological environment system, unstable system state and man-land relation in strain. The classical agricultural develop model system contains two sub-categories , including Qing dynasty classical agricultural system(AC 1945-1911) and modern agricultural development system(AC 1949-1978); this system type show out some characteristics as intensive cultivation, high rate of output, stronger interference between social-economic system and natural system, system output and input in balance state and man-land relation in stable. From the midterm of 1980 till present, the Ningxia Plain system begin to get into the region modernization process; the system characteristics in this stage showing that limited in the capacity of the system, harmony the population, resource, environment and development factors as whole, to push the region man-land relation system into the modernized sustainable state.At the end, the paper predicts the growth future of the system’s main factors in deferent level as population, stock quantity, irrigation and water resource use, and the industry, based on the system bearing capacity.
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