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With the rapid progress of communication network technology and VLSI design technology, embedded system has become the focus of IT. Embedded systems are used in autocontrol, industrial, military and family consumed devices. Now most electronic products are not in the form of computer, such as smart phone, PDA, router, smart home appliances in the form of embedded system. The embedded operating systems are almost needed by software of embedded system. With the boot of the embedded Linux as a masterstroke, this paper detailed describes bootloader, Linux operation system, device driver and their relationship, it also describes how to combination between the system software and system hardware to support the application program. First, this paper introduces the development of the embedded system and Linux operation system, then describes three key technology of micro-kernel, task schedule and memory management. according to describe the component of system hardware and the architecture, function, execute flow of the system software, this paper analyzes the design of the embedded system with a whole consideration. It also describes the boot process of the embedded system; analyzes the boot of the bootloader and Linux kernel and debugging experience. This paper describes how the Linux kernel supports the device driver, involving the driver’s interface, module and structure. This paper analyzes the design and implement of the LCD driver and touch screen driver, including the principle of these devices and software implement. At last, this paper gives the experimental result and some advice.
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