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The area of plantation in China is the broadest in the world, which is up to 46.667 million hm~2. Today,natural forest resources is damaged heavily,and species go to extinction rapidly. Therefore,it is necessary to undertake the study of species diversity in the plantation. Moreover, the increase of species diversity in plantation can efficiently alleviate the probability of community diseases and insect pests, and enhance the stability of ecosystem. But many studies showed that the plantation has less species diversity, low productivity, impacting sustainable management of plantation. Through conserving species diversity consists in the sustainable increase, uses of biology resource, and satisfies with the requirement of sustainable development stratagem. However, we study how to manage plantation reasonably with investigating and comparing generally the species diversity characteristics of all kinds of community, analyzing the impact on diversity of different factors, which not only to use the economic production and exert the ecology benefits, but also to protect the species diversity. Accordingly, the research of plantation species diversity and vegetation characteristics can provide basic information for advanced research of improvement the species diversity, and farther provide proper protection measure for the management of the plantation.Synthesizing the problems above, the paper investigated and analyzed the composition and characteristics of the arbor layer, shrub layer and herb layer in five plantation commmunities in Shunde, compared the species diversity of the arbor layer, shrub layer and herb layer between different types, studied the relativity among the site conditions、tree growth with species diversity. The main results were given as follows:
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