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Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Micro/nano Structure and Its Composites

Author: HuJingZhi
Tutor: SunDongHao
School: Suzhou University
Course: Materials Science
Keywords: Polyaniline Micro/nanostructure Self-Assembly Soft template method Reverse microemulsion
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 27
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Abstract


In this article, polyaniline （PAn） micro/nanostructures were successfully prepared by self-assembly and soft-template synthesis methods. The formation mechanism and factors on structure and properties of polyaniline were investigated; Bi2S3/PAn composites were synthesized by a reverse microemulsion method, and discussed the preparation conditions of Bi2S3, characterized the structure and properties of the Bi2S3/PAn composites. The main results are as follows:1. The self-assembled micro/nanostructure of polyaniline was controllably obtained by liquid-phase redox reaction in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid（TFA）as the dopant, ammonium persulfate （APS） or FeCl3 as oxidants. The morphology of TFA-doped PAn was affected by the type of oxidants, molar ratio of the trifluoroacetic acid （TFA） to aniline （An）（[TFA]/[An]） and polarity of sovents. In water, the morphology of TFA-doped polyaniline was granular when the molar ratio of [TFA]/[An] was higher than or equal to 1, while they turned into hollow micro/nanotubes with the inner diameter from 30 nm to 80 nm and the outer diameter from 200 nm to 300 nm as the molar ratio of [TFA]/[An] was changed to 0.5 or 0.25. The structure of PAn in a doping state can be changed by adjusting pH in solution. The X-ray diffraction experiments suggested that PAn was partly crystal. And its conductivity was 10-3S/cm. Dielectric test results showed that polyaniline had a high dielectric constant and dielectric loss.2. Polyaniline micro/nanofibers with azo groups were successfully prepared by polymerization reaction on the complex template（AOⅡ-FeCl3）. The concentration of AOⅡ, the addition of inorganic salts, and reaction temperature had certain influence on the morphology of polyaniline. When reaction system contained 6 mM AOⅡand 1.0 M NaCl at room temperature, the resulting PAn revealed absolute micro/nanofibers with the diameter of about 100nm and the length of several microns. Furthermore, their diameter increased （about 150nm） when polymerization reaction took place under low temperature （05℃）. FTIR and UV-vis results showed that AOⅡhad been doped into the polyaniline chain. The X-ray diffraction experiments suggested that the micro/nanofibers of polyaniline were partly crystal, and had good thermal stability. The conductivity of PAn was about 10-1S/cm.3. Bi2S3 nano-sheets and Bi2S3/PAn nanocomposites were synthesized by a reverse micelle method at room temperature. The diameter of Bi2S3 nano-sheets increased with the water contentω（ω=[H2O]/[surfactant]） increasing. The crystalline of Bi2S3 was well and specified as orthorhombic phase （a=11.14982nm, b=11.38765nm, c=3.94959nm）. Bi2S3 and Bi2S3/PAn materials had good thermal stability and the thermal weight loss rate was 6.4% and 45% at 800℃under N2 atmosphere, respectively. Photodegradation efficiency of Bi2S3/PAn with RhB, MB and MO reached 94.1%, 90.1% and 88.6%, respectively, which showed better photo catalytic properties than PAn.

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