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Areca is a palm (Palmae) plant betel nut (Areca Catechu Linn.) Dry mature seeds, is second only to tobacco, alcohol and caffeine are widely used in the world's fourth hobby products. Betel nut in our country as a commonly used Chinese medicine widely used in clinical medicine, and other areas in Hunan, betel nut products processed very popular. Therefore, in-depth, systematic betel nut extracts on clinical pharmacology evaluate health effects of great significance. In this experiment, Hainan betel nut as raw material, with 70% of the crude aqueous solution of methanol, after concentration, and then washed with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, to obtain extracts of different solvents. Then the crude extract (A), petroleum ether extract (B), chloroform extract (C), ethyl acetate extract (D) and the water-soluble substance (E) is the test substance in mice or rats as experimental subjects discussed betel nut extracts on gastrointestinal function, in vivo antibacterial, blood lipid regulation and in vivo antioxidant and other health effects, the main results are as follows: The laxative activity experiments, mice intestinal propulsion experiments and intestinal xylose absorption test studied the betel nut extract on mice gastrointestinal function. The results showed that: Five test substance mice were able to significantly improve gastrointestinal function. In small intestine and intestinal absorption rate as the evaluation index, found in the five kinds of test substances, the effects on mice gastrointestinal function better is A, D and E, the dose concentrated in high doses. This indicates that the alkaloids, and some betel polar components mice can significantly promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote intestinal absorption. Mice as experimental subjects to explore the different nut extracts antibacterial effect in the body. The results show that different nut extract has different antibacterial effects, soluble E best effect of the substance, the crude extract and the ethyl acetate extract D A second, three in the high dose (50 mg / kg) when the animal mortality rates were 27.3%, 30.0% and 40.0%, and three kinds of test substance both showed a certain amount - effect relationship. Body weight gain in rats, serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and atherogenic index (AI) as the evaluation index, evaluation A and E are the two components of the lipid regulating effect on rats. The results showed: A and E were able to significantly reduce the serum of experimental animals TC, TG concentration and AI (p lt; 0.001), can significantly increase the serum HDL-C levels (p lt; 0.05). This shows that betel nut extract can by lowering serum TC and TG levels and reduce coronary heart disease caused by the high mortality and morbidity in patients with hyperlipidemia. In vitro, A, D and E of the three components of hydroxyl radicals (· OH) has a good scavenging. In vivo concentration of serum SOD and MDA in order to determine the index of betel nut extract in mice in vivo antioxidant effect, experimental results show that the three kinds of test substances on mice in vivo antioxidant also have a role. As an indicator of serum SOD, E best, D, followed by the last of A, its regularity and hydroxyl radical scavenging results are consistent; MDA in serum as an indicator, the effect is still the best E, A, followed by the final of D. This indicates that betel nut has antioxidant group into polar components, and with tannin-based. Conducted on five kinds of test substances and maximum safe tolerated dose acute toxicity test results showed that: five different test substances on mouse behavior habits of different effects; A, B, and D toxicity, its maximum safe tolerated dose multiples than 157; C and E toxicity is relatively large, the median lethal dose LD50 were 6.84 and 5.85 g / kg, indicating that betel nut alkaloids are poisonous. However, in the case of normal human consumption, betel nut toxicity is very small, almost negligible. This study showed that betel nut extract has improved gastrointestinal function promote digestion and absorption, regulate blood lipids, antioxidant and anti-bacterial and other health effects, and its low toxicity, in the case of normal consumption, high safety factor.
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